The paper analyzes teaching techniques applied by the Department of Ecology and Industrial Safety of Bauman Moscow State Technical University (BMSTU) for students of «Safety in Technosphere» («Critical Incidents Response» major). Technique is based on contemporary computer technology and the developed complex of teaching programs.
The article continues the series of publications on the organization and conduct of introduction practical trainingat the Department of Ecology and Industrial Safety of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University for third-year bachelors in 2016, taking into account the concluded Agreements on cooperation with the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Emergency Measures of Russia for the city of Sevastopol, the Institute of Marine Biological Research named after A. O. Kovalevsky of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastopol State University in the cities of Moscow and Sevastopol. Nine students of Bauman Moscow State Technical Universityhad practice in Sevastopol, four students of the Sevastopol University — in Moscow. Opened in the Bauman Moscow State Technical University profile of training “Protection in Emergencies” caused the need to expand the list of practice sites at the expense of institutions of Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia. The modern need for engineering and consulting services in the field of technospheresafaty necessitated introduction of students to the state and commercial organizations in these areas of activity. It is shown how the practice fulfills the educational function by acquaintance with Russian history and natural objects of Russia.
In estimating the safety of underground pipeline operated in complicated engineering and geological conditions, it is necessary to know and consider the main regularities caused by pipeline interaction with soil. Presented in this article mathematical model of pipeline spatial bend under the action of group of loadings and influences allows estimate influence of complicated geological conditions and design features on pipeline’s stressed-deformed state and reliability.Keywords: acceptable risk, admissible risk, practical expediency principle.
The article discusses issues related to the research of the influence of sizes and location of local defects on the change in the natural vibration frequencies spectrum of the steel pipe model fixed on a single threshold. The research was made using the finite element analysis (FEA) and the SCAD computing system. Nonlinear dependence of the natural vibration frequencies on the defect size and its location was ascertained. Such nonlinearity in the course of defects accumulation is classified as a genetic nonlinearity. Completed research reveals that the scale and the location of defects can be determined by the pattern of their change during the monitoring of main dynamic characteristics in the course of the building operation. It has been ascertained that the first frequency of torsional natural vibrations of the pipe declines with greater intensity than the first and other lateral vibration frequencies in case of a specific location of a growing local defect. There have been no regulatory requirements for the time being to the analysis of structures (flue stacks) subject to torsional vibrations. However, for example, it was ascertained during the expert examination of anchoring of a steel pipe in service and having vertical stiffeners throughout the height that all the anchors damaged circumferentially have an inclination to one and the same side. Furthermore, the value of such an inclination coincides with results of observations of the pipe top deviation change in azimuth. An attempt was made during the research to determine the limit value of frequencies that would correspond to occurrence of the first, the second or the third limit states of operated construction structures with defects.
Risks of technogenic and natural character are actual threats of safety of Russia now and in the nearest future. For effective formation of skills related to person’s behavior in crisis situations it is a good practice to use widely information technologies based on computer modeling, use of geographical information systems, virtual reality elements. For training and professional development of specialists who are responsible for health and safety and civil defense, training of bachelors and masters in the “Technosphere safety “direction 280700, carrying out scientific researches in the area of protection against threats of technogenic and natural character, exercise of officials’ functional duties on emergency prevention and elimination, and fire safety ensuring, operational staff on emergency elimination, an operational duty shift an educational and scientific center of management in crisis situations (CMCS) is created at "Ecology and Industrial Safety" Chair”1 of Bauman Moscow State Technical University. The center can become an important element related to assumed deployment of pilot network of centers of control in crisis situations for ensuring complex safety on science and education objects.
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