Official ten-year statistics reports on the prevalence and structure of respiratory diseases in children and teenagers of Khabarovsk Kray were analyzed. Respiratory diseases still rank first in the general sick rate and, in 2015, they accounted for 60.3% in children under 14 years old and 33.4% in teenagers. General respiratory morbidity in children in 2015 made 1300.1‰ and 726.9‰ in children and teenagers, respectively. Analytical results give evidence of stabilization of morbidity rate in children (R=0.32) and a tendency towards increasing incidence in teenagers (R=0.71). Ten-year pneumonia prevalence in children shows no tendency towards decrease (R=0.3), whereas pneumonia incidence rate in teenagers does increase (R=0.65). During the last ten years, asthma prevalence in children of the region increased twofold and turned half as much in teenagers. In 2015, asthma morbidity made 23.95‰ in children and 17.15‰ in teenagers, which exceed all-Russia’s figures (10.4‰ in children and 20.08‰ in teenagers in 2014) and Russian Far East’s figures (9.22‰ in children and 15.38‰ in teenagers in 2014). Asthma children residing in the areas of catastrophic flood of 2013 on the Amur River were found (8.3% of cases) to have sensitization to mold fungi, primarily of Aspergillus niger species (71%). The results of the analysis show that there is a stabilization of morbidity in children (R=0.32) and a tendency to grow in teenagers (R=0.71).
The aim of the research was to study some indices of morphofunctional state of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood under a complicated course of pregnancy in women of Khabarovsk. 96 women were examined in different trimesters of gestation. Two main groups depending on the type of complications were formed: the first group consisted of pregnant women with vaginitis, the second group had women whose pregnancy was complicated with clinical manifestations in the form of edemas, proteinuria and hypertensive disorders. The group of comparison included the women without complications. In the peripheral blood of the women under study with the method of high tech automated digital system of blood smear test VISION HEMA there was done a morphometric assessment of lymphocytes and with histochemical methods there was found a level of fermentation activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (α-GPDH) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). By morphometric studies of lymphocytes of the peripheral blood in pregnant women of the first group in the III trimester of gestation the indices of the square of the cell, of cytoplasm, cytoplasm brightness, the square of the nucleus and the brightness of the nucleus were 102.33±9.83 mсm², 36.84±4.88 mсm², 181.39±6.94 units of optical density, 65.69±6.87 mсm², 97.44±6.88 units of optical density, respectively (in the group of the comparison these data were 121.31±4.44 mсm²; 46.14±2.52 mсm²; 167.74±3.44 units of optical density; 75.33±2.66 mkm², 88.00±3.36 units of optical density, respectively). In the second group of women the same data in the same period of pregnancy corresponded to the following values: 128.44±4.89 mсm², 57.15±3.87 mсm², 173.53±4.65 units of optical density, 70.95±3.39 mсm² and 91.13±4.93 units of optical density (in the group of comparison there were the following data: 109.92±3.57 mсm², 39.63±1.53 mсm², 158.96±2.63 units of optical density, 75.37±3.23 mсm², 82.16±2.58 units of optical density, respectively). By the results of histochemical studies the level of activity of enzymes SDH, α-GPDH, LDH in the first group of pregnancy was 15.38±2.10, 10.72±0.58 and 20.53±2.36 pellet/cell, respectively. And just the other way round in pregnant women of the second group there was revealed a statistically reliable suppression of fermentation activity of these enzymes: 9.11±0.75 (p<0.05); 9.61±1.06 (p>0.05); 8.31±1.20 (p<0.05) pellet/cell in regard to the data in the group of comparison (12.84±1.21; 12.18±1.13 and 13.09±0.78 pellet/cell, respectively). Thus the changes of morphometric indices characterizing parameters of the cell, the nucleus and lymphocytes cytoplasm in a complex study with their fermentation activity can be extra diagnostic criteria of the formation of different complications during pregnancy. The obtained data allow to justify in-time application of medications for the correction of metabolic disorders of immune competent cells with the aim to decrease unfavorable perinatal outcomes.
Restoring growth, modernization and renewal of production capacity will ensure the competitiveness of the domestic economy. It is concluded that the undeniable importance of sound policies of companies in the field of corporate social responsibility, does not contradict the commercial interests of the Company and, at the same time taking into account the current and future direction of the industry of the economy as a whole.
A special attention is paid to thyroid gland functioning during pregnancy. It is explained by the fact that pregnancy is a powerful factor which can lead to a manifestation of diseases of the thyroid gland. Cells of the thyroid gland are capable to acquire iodine from food and to synthesize the thyroid hormones participating in all exchange processes both of a pregnant woman and the fetus. For the purpose of studying the features of functioning of the thyroid gland and a number of metabolic processes from ecological positions (in the conditions of city and rural areas) and terms of gestation, 945 pregnant women of the Amur region were examined. Insufficiency of iodine in blood at 95.3% of inhabitants of the city area and at 98.7% of women of rural areas was revealed. It was mainly very severely expressed (47.9 and 55.5%, respectively). Taking into account these data, the assessment of a functional state of the thyroid status was done. Some indicators of lipid profile and carbohydrate ranges were defined. Disturbance of functional activity of mitochondrial dehydrogenases of immunocompetent cells (lymphocytes) in pregnant women of the Amur region in the form of oxidation-reduction reactions imbalance were revealed, which as a whole can badly influence the course of pregnancy and its outcome.
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