Natural frequencies of the four upgraded front searchlight designs were received in ANSYS software environment. In the first case serial front searchlight incandescent electric lamp was replaced by a LED group which was mounted on the one-piece cylinder backing. The second front searchlight design had the backing which was upgraded by a radial ribs and concentric rigidity ferrules. Analyze of the backing deformation character by vibrations with the natural frequencies established a number of design solutions which make it possible to raise front searchlight vibration resistance. By the front searchlight model were established that the natural frequencies of the searchlight with the one-piece backing appertain to the whole range of the train vibrations. Natural frequencies of the backing with perforation, rigidity ferrules, and radial ribs appertain to the low frequencies of the railway locomotive vibrations spectrum. On basis of devised methodology of analyze of the deformation and natural frequencies of the surface carrying a LED group the vibration-proof searchlight design was introduced and researched.
The inner surface of the holes in the ends of tubing pipes used in oil production is most prone to deterioration. The mechanical loads combined with corrosion lead to the formation of pits on the surface of the holes. A tubing burst leads to significant financial, technological and environmental losses. The existing methods of non-destructive inspection do not allow to measure the depth of a corrosion pit (cavity) on the surface of the pipe end hole. We propose the construction of the device for monitoring the pipe inner surface closely adjacent to its end. The device uses the optical principle of monitoring the presence and the depth of corrosion pits on the surface of the tubing pipe end hole. The device uses structured lighting of the ring of the hole surface. Judging by the out-of-roundness of the light-shadow border, we evaluated the depth of the defects on the hole surface. The device was tested and calibrated on a special stand, where the depth of the cavity was changed with a step of 30 microns. The reflected light flow from the target surface was recorded by a video camera. Tests of the device showed its resistance to the disturbances in the form of stray lighting, electromagnetic interference, vibrations and dirt in the room (no special operating conditions are required). The length of the corrosion pit does not affect the sensitivity of the device. If the material of the controlled tubing changes, the device shall be calibrated. For a 4 mm long defect, the depth of the corrosion pit up to 1.5 mm can be detected. Preliminary calibration of the device allows to reduce the measurement errors caused by the technological and operational reasons. The developed device is able to detect the presence of a corrosion pit on the hole surface. The accuracy of measuring the depth of the defect on the pipe surface is not less than 150 microns, which is acceptable for oil pipe repair plants. The device can be operated manually and can be built into an automated control system. The monitoring results can be documented. The developed device can be used in other areas: inspection of holes made in reinforced concrete structures, inspection of surface of the holes of chemical production pipes, GTE fuel system, etc.
Abstract. I determined the natural frequencies of the headlight design for electric locomotive VL by software system of the finite-element analysis ANSYS. The obtained values of the natural frequencies are compared with the frequencies of the periodic vibrations experienced by the railway rolling stock. The analysis reveals the vibration frequencies determining the period of the trouble-free operation of the headlight.Keywords: headlight, electric locomotive, natural frequencies of design, trouble-free service life, periodic vibration, noise and re-emitted noise.Citation: Abulkhanov SR. Vibration resistance of headlight design for electric locomotive.
Abstract. The objective of this study was an analysis of the patient complaints of a structure and the nature of the formation of clinical groups for the study of patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). We examined 28 men and 148 women with TMD. We analyzed 604 tomographic images. Statistical processing included cross tables and chi-square analysis. Twenty-eight percent of the study population was followed up in a general clinical network, presenting with facial pain. Dental clinics established primary clinical diagnoses: arthrosis and arthritis (71%), dislocation or subluxation of the temporomandibular joint head (16.5%), and/or temporomandibular joint dysfunction (12.5%). X-rays showed the combination of functional disorders (75%) and degenerative dystrophic changes (67%) of the temporomandibular joint; the x-ray norm was observed in 9% of cases. By TMJ visualization, we established the clinical features of females with TMD, depending on the reproductive stage. For patients in puberty, joint mobility was limited (44.4%, p = 0.045) compared with head dislocation, and arthritis (p = 0.024) was predominant. For patients in the early reproductive stage, head subluxation (48.5%, p < 0.010) was found in all detected pathologies except deforming arthrosis. For patients in the late reproductive stage and perimenopause, half of the examined patients had deforming arthrosis (52.8% in the late reproductive stage, p < 0.01, for all detected pathologies, except for limited joint mobility; 50% in perimenopause, p < 0.05, with radiologic norms, dislocation of the head, and arthritis). In postmenopausal women, arthritis and sclerotic arthrosis were noted (30.8% and 27.8%, respectively). Structure of the patient complaints and the nature of the formation of clinical groups of patients with TMD were determined by the place of primary treatment, specialization of the institution, and the level of techniques of primary diagnosis of TMD. This affected the patients' quality of treatment and is a cause of chronic (58%) TMD.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.