The article is dedicated to the analysis of the problems occurring while using special psychological knowledge in civil legal proceedings of family disputes over children after divorce. Using civil cases and reviews on psychological evaluations done upon lawyers' requests the article shows that a major part of those evaluations is executed on a low professional level, doesn't meet necessary requirements which leads to their unsuitability as bases for making judicial decisions. The article identifies groups of typical mistakes of psychological evaluations of underage persons in the situation of family divorce. It also highlights in detail procedural and institutional, methodological, structural, and deontological mistakes. The articles offers steps to change the practice of using psychological knowledge in civil legal proceedings of protecting child's interests after divorce.
In our article we analyze the problems connected to the judicial scenario of settling domestic disputes over children during the divorce and located at the interfaces between law and psychology. We examine the issues of defending rights and interests of juveniles during civil proceedings in the context of regulations of National strategy of actions in the interests of children 2012-2017. We indicate modern civil legal procedure's main peculiarities which prevent the principle of prioritizing maintenance of "the best interests of a child" from practical realization during settlements of domestic disputes. We cover the issues connected to different forms of using special knowledge in psychology during civil legal procedure in settling domestic disputes. We list difficulties which arise during practical realization of children's rights to participate in the process of making decisions which affect their interests during the divorce. We outlined steps to improve the organization of civil proceedings in the direction of creating justice which would be friendly towards children.
On the basis of a specially developed statistical matrix, which includes more than 50 parameters, 179 conclusions of post-mortem complex forensic psychiatric-psychological expertises carried out in various regions of Russia were analyzed. Typical psychological and psychopathological factors in genesis of suicidal behavior of children and adolescents were identified. The article describes the main psychic disorders diagnosed in minors, among which a high percentage of psychogenic states is noteworthy. Special attention is paid to suicidal statements and attempts, addictive behavior in the pre-suicidal period, adolescents’ means of communication (social networks). The extremely low frequency of requests for specialized assistance to specialists (psychiatrists, psychologists) was noted. It indicates the increased need for psychoeducational measures among the general population. The prospects of interdisciplinary research, which can reveal more differentiated characteristics of suicidal behavior in minors, are outlined.
This article presents the results of empirical studies of what distinctive features of parents’ divorce perception and attitude towards their parents and themselves girls in emerging adulthood have. Two groups of girls of emerging adulthood were surveyed: those who experienced their parents’ divorce in their childhood and adolescence (n=45) and those from two-parent families (n=30). A specially developed half-structured interview, «Family Sociogram», Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) and Colour Relationship were used in the study. The study showed statistically relevant differences between perception of girls from divorced families of their parents’ attitude towards them during both the period before the divorce and the period after it. The article describes the dynamics of the structural distinctions of parent families and the system of domestic relationships between girls from divorced and two-parent families. Also, the article characterizes what concepts of their own future families girls from divorced and two-parent families have. In these two groups of girls, the peculiarities of the motivational and semantic field are discovered.
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