The article assesses the sustainability of society on the three pillars: economic and ecological wellbeing, human well-being. Country comparison is carried out on indicators and is determined by the place of Russia in the global society. It is concluded that at any given time, Russia does not have a steady-state, identifies the causes of this situation. Is determined by the potential for sustainable development, outlining the activities to achieve it.
The state policy of protectionism in the agri-food sector yielded ambiguous results, such as success in agriculture and achievement of food security thresholds on the one hand, and a sharp increase in food prices on the other. Sugar market has satisfied domestic demand and therefore needs either export expansion or production restriction. The article analyses the development dynamics of the sugar beet industry and sugar consumer market in 2000-2021. The study aims to assess the effectiveness of existing state support measures in the sugar market, considering changes in import substitution. It is hypothesised that in case of saturation of the market with domestic products, the state should support consumers rather than producers. Statistical data analysis and simulation modelling were used as the main research methods. Nominal Protection Coefficient (NPC) was chosen to indicate changes in state support. Domestic market volume under constant demand was assessed. Given that the average per capita sugar consumption remains at 39 kg/person, domestic consumption is 5.8 million tonnes. Considering current production volumes (7.6 million tonnes), the equilibrium price of sugar is estimated at 37 roubles/kg. Calculated NPC values show the dominance of market price transfers for sugar producers. Thus, it is necessary to switch to unrelated support measures for strengthening the effect of market mechanisms. The results can be adapted to develop specific agricultural policy instruments. Future research may conduct deeper structural analysis of selected segments of food markets in order to identify regional and corporate characteristics of participant interaction and adjustment of state regulation measures.
Увеличение сельскохозяйственного производства зачастую связано с вовлечением большим земель в производственный оборот и это обстоятельство однозначно вызывает изменения в естественных природных процессах. Как следствие – формируются искусственные биоценозы, особенность которых, состоит в том, что они не могут существовать без антропогенного вмешательства. К сожалению, нерациональное природопользование приводит к нарушению экологического состояния и негативным последствиям. Такой отрицательный эффект имеет распашка пойменных территорий водных объектов и их водоохранных зон. Животноводство на пойменных территориях, также влечет за собой деградацию растительного покрова водоохранных зон, что может привести к эрозии береговой линии, заилению и изменению морфометрических характеристик береговой линии. Мониторингу водных систем, в связи с увеличивающейся антропогенной нагрузкой в последнее десятилетие уделяется достаточно обширное научное внимание, как в российской научной литературе, так и за рубежом, что подчеркивает актуальность исследования. Целью исследования является оценка современного экологического состояния прибрежных и водоохранных зон водных объектов на основе данных дистанционного зондирования. Методы исследования. Проанализирована модельная территория Ставропольского края (Красногвардейский муниципальный округ). Применение геоинформационных технологий позволило с помощью картографического метода и ретроспективного анализа оценить состояние прибрежных территорий за последние 10 лет. Всего в ходе проведения исследования было выделено 112 нарушений водоохранного законодательства, выраженных в распашке пойм и прибрежных зон водных объектов. Установлена площадь нарушений, которая составляет 96,9 га. Результаты работы. Предложенную методику исследования и оценки экологического состояния прибрежных защитных и водоохранных зон можно использовать для других территорий Ставропольского края для более полного исследования состояния прибрежных территорий, а также включения ее в работу контрольно-надзорных органов. The increase in agricultural production is often associated with the involvement of large amounts of land in the production turnover and such factors clearly cause changes in natural processes. This entails the creation of artificial biocenoses, the peculiarity of which is that they cannot exist without anthropogenic intervention. Unfortunately, irrational use of natural resources leads to a violation of the ecological state and negative consequences. Such a negative effect is the plowing of floodplain territories of water bodies and their water protection zones. Animal husbandry in floodplain areas also entails degradation of vegetation cover of water protection zones, which can lead to erosion of the coastline, siltation and changes in morphometric characteristics of the coastline. Monitoring of water systems, due to the increasing anthropogenic load in the last decade, has received quite extensive scientific attention, both in the Russian scientific literature and abroad, which emphasizes the relevance of the study. The aim of the study is to assess the current ecological state of coastal and water protection zones of water bodies based on remote sensing data. Methods.The model territory of the Stavropol Territory (Krasnogvardeysky municipal district) is analyzed. The use of geoinformation technologies made it possible to assess the state of coastal territories over the past 10 years using the cartographic method and retrospective analysis. In total, 112 violations of water protection legislation were identified during the study, expressed in the plowing of floodplains and coastal zones of water bodies. The area of violations, which is 96.9 hectares, has been established. Results. The proposed methodology for the study and assessment of the ecological state of coastal protection and water protection zones can be used for other territories of the Stavropol Territory for a more complete study of the state of coastal territories, as well as its inclusion in the work of control and supervisory authorities.
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