The problem of differential diagnostic of benign and malignant tumors in the early stages is one of the most significant in practical gynecology. Now clear criteria for the diagnosis and screening of ovarian tumors are not developed. Early stages of disease are asymptomatic and even when first symptoms appeared, patients often dont consult a doctor or doctor doesnt recommend surgical treatment preferring dynamic observation. Modern diagnostic of ovarian tumors cant be based on one method of research and requires a whole complex of diagnostic measures which determines the individual plan of treatment in each case. The most modern methods for studying are complex using of biomarkers, including creation mathematical risk models of ovarian tumor malignancy, based on instrumental and laboratory techniques. Despite on the successes in the detection of ovarian tumors, it is needed to study new modern methods of early preoperative diagnostic in different age periods, and especially those women who planes realize reproductive function.
As life expectancy increases, older people require strict individualization of management and treatment, taking into account all age and pathophysiological characteristics of a particular patient, a more attentive approach to the features of clinical manifestations of diseases, the presence of comorbid pathology. Timely diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of postmenopausal patients with benign ovarian tumors is a debatable issue, since none of the existing diagnostic methods of research in practice provides sensitivity and specificity equal to or at least approaching 100% of the indicator. The progressive aging of the population raises the question of whether it is necessary to operate on menopausal patients with benign ovarian tumors of small size (up to 5 cm), given the low percentage of malignancy of these formations and the high risk of deterioration in the patients quality of life after surgical interventions.
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