The article presents a review of latest researches related to various aspects of primary glaucoma and optic neuropathy etiology. The effect of somatic factors on glaucoma progression is described. Arguments in favor of the interrelation of glaucoma and neurodegenerative processes are presented. The genetic basis for the development of glaucoma and a variety of its conjoined syndromes is considered. Immunological mechanisms that initiate the programmed cell death are analyzed. The processes that influence the increase of trabecular meshwork retention are also described as well as its role in the glaucoma pathogenesis.
Nowadays, a wide choice of local IOP-lowering medications allows ensuring a successful intraocular pressure compensation and primary open angle glaucoma stabilization. However, taking into consideration a long term action of drugs on the ocular surface, even without clinical manifestations there is a direct inflammatory cells’ activation with mixed toxic and allergic changes, which is confirmed by histology, immune-histology, and impression cytology methods. Such chronic sub-clinical inflammation represent a potential risk of excessive fibroblast proliferation with subsequent rapid postoperative scarring of new outflow pathways and atypical filtration bleb formation. It is shown that there is a clear relationship between number of glaucoma drugs used, treatment duration, intensity of conjunctival infiltration with inflammatory cells and fibroblasts, and risk of episcleral fibrosis and subconjunctival scarring during post-op period. (For citation: Petrov SYu, Lovpache DzhN, Loskutov IA, Safronova DM. The influence of local IOP-lowering therapy on the anterior segment tissues and outcome of glaucoma filtering surgery. Ophthalmology Journal. 2017;10(4):41-47. doi: 10.17816/OV10441-47).
This work includes additions to the existing annotated list of birds of the Shushensky Bor National Park, given in the book by ornithologist S.Yu. Petrov and senior state inspector S.V. Chumakov Birds of the Shushensky Bor National Park, published in 2020 in an electronic form. The paper provides general data on the avifauna of the national park, as well as the results of recent studies as of early 2021. The paper provides information on the sightings of 11 bird species that were not previously recorded in the park as a whole: Ptyonoprogne rupestris (Scopoli, 1769); Turdus merula (Linnaeus, 1758); Monticola saxatilis (Linnaeus, 1766); Ficedula hypoleuca (Pallas, 1764) аnd on individual cluster sites Mountain forestry: Podiceps cristatus (Linnaeus, 1758); Crex crex (Linnaeus, 1758); Charadrius dubius (Scopoli, 1786); Turdus obscurus J.F. Gmelin, 1789; Turdus iliacus (Linnaeus, 1766) and Perovsky forestry: Lanius borealis [excubitor] (Vieillot, 1807); Chloris chloris (Linnaeus, 1758), indicating the nature of their stay and biotopic distribution. The paper is illustrated with photographs taken on the territory of both clusters of the national park by employees of the Shushensky Bor National Park and by local birdwatchers.
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