Research in the field of structural monitoring of structures, buildings and structures is not abating. A key link in a modern wireless monitoring system is a sensor built using wireless technologies. Undoubtedly, wireless sensors are gradually replacing wired systems that are difficult to maintain, connect and costly. However, we should not forget about wired systems, wireless sensor networks are a new stage in the development of structural monitoring. The level of development of monitoring systems and wireless sensors for monitoring tasks has not yet been fully investigated for their universal application in various applications. There are also software restrictions associated with the creation and configuration of sensor networks. The importance of using automatic monitoring systems lies in their application in smart homes as monitoring system for the condition of a building and as a human security system. According to this study, it aims to provide a comprehensive overview of structural health monitoring over the years. In particular, this article reviewed and analyzed the main components of wireless communication, such as: hardware of smart wireless sensors, wireless protocol, network architecture, operating systems. This review also presents the scope of both test benches and real deployments of such systems.
Ponomarova O. Some aspects of means of individualization on the market of medical and pharmaceutical services. The article deals with some aspects of means of individualization in the market of medical and pharmaceutical services. Of particular importance is the identification of goods or services in the field of health care, in conditions of high competition in the pharmaceutical and medical markets, is for patients who consume (use) the product or service of this manufacturer, because brand awareness will not allow the patient to confuse one drug with another. Confusion in the names of medicines is quite common, but such confusion can lead to the appointment, purchase and use of a medicine with a similar name, which can have threatening consequences for human life and health.In the market of medical and pharmaceutical services, in most cases, we trace such means of individualization of participants in economic activities as trade names and trademarks (signs for goods and services). Individualization tools on the one hand individualize the entrepreneur (manufacturer) from a number of other participants in the market of medical and pharmaceutical services, and on the other - are a link between the manufacturer of the drug and the patient or between the doctor (health care facility / clinic) and the patient. A trade name is a designation under which an entity may act in a business relationship. Trademarks intended to identify and individualize the goods (services) of the manufacturer (provider) are usually associated with the name of the doctor who provides medical services or with the name of the medicinal product under which the medicinal product enters into commercial circulation and is sold on market of medical and pharmaceutical goods.There are many lawsuits regarding the similarity of the trade name of a medicinal product to another. In Ukraine, the owner of a trademark for a medicinal product may apply for protection of his rights against unfair competition to the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine and to the court for protection of infringed intellectual property rights to the mark.Companies that manufacture medicines in the process of creating a new drug name must remember that the main function of the brand name of the drug is to protect patients from misleading them, as well as to prevent medical errors due to the similarity of drug names, which can lead to to risks to life and health of patients. At the same time, the correctly and successfully chosen trade name of the drug plays an important commercial and legal role in the implementation of pharmaceutical companies in the market of medicines.Key words: means of individualization, trademark, medicine, pharmacy, intellectualproperty
During the judicial reform of 2016, the Law of Ukraine "On Judicial System and Status of Judges" was adopted from 02.06.2016 No. 1402-VIII, as well as amendments to the procedural legislation, which created the legal basis for the creation of a new Supreme Court as a whole and in its composition economic court, in particular. Established on the basis of the Supreme Economic Court of Ukraine, the Court of Cassation within the Supreme Court assumed the main functions of the court of cassation of economic jurisdiction and organizationally took the place of the structural unit of the Supreme Court, which operates within the unified system of interaction between the courts of cassation and the Supreme Court. As the cassation instance in the field of economic justice in accordance with the Law of Ukraine " On Judicial System and Status of Judges " of 02.06.2016 No. 1402-VIII has changed, in particular, it is currently acting in the form of the Court of Cassation within the Supreme Court, so the author has a need more detailed study of their functions, which is the purpose of the article. The author has made a thorough analysis of scientific approaches to understanding the essence of the concept of "function". In addition, the article deals with the classifications of the functions of the cassation instance ..., given by domestic scientists, and on their basis proposed its own classification of the functions of the Court of Cassation within the Supreme Court. In particular, the author substantiates the concept of dividing the functions of the Court of Cassation within the Supreme Court into two groups: main and derivative. The main function of the Court of Cassation in the Supreme Court, according to the author, is the function of justice, which is manifested through the functions of cassation and appeal review cases. In its turn, the author of the article refers to the following functions: 1) supervision of the activity of lower courts and control over the observance of the rules of law; 2) ensuring the unity of case law; 3) interpretation function; 4) explanatory function; 5) analysis and synthesis of case law. On the basis of a comprehensive analysis of theoretical developments in national science and a practical approach to the definition of functions, the author concluded that all functions of the Court of Cassation are closely related to each other, and they are inherently complex in the administration of justice.
Keywords: medical research, ethical aspects of research, patient rights, as the objectof research, informed consent In the article, the author conducted a study of medical research with human participation, analyzed the legislation of Ukraine and international documents and found that there is no unified conceptof «medical research», but uses different terms, such as biomedical experiment, clinicaltrial, clinical trials, etc. The legal acts of Ukraine provide for a variety of terms, but dothey all mean the same concept. It would be appropriate to enshrine at the level of thelaw the concept of broad meaning «medical research», which would include such types as:«medical and biological experiments», «clinical trials» and so on. Referring to internationalinstruments on the search for the concept of «medical research» also revealed differencesin the conceptual understanding of the concept of «medical research». Instead, itwas found that all the legal acts analyzed in the article stipulate that medical examinationswith human participation, as the object of research, begin only after the person hasgiven voluntary informed consent to conduct research on him.The procedure for conducting medical examinations with the participation of a personas an object of study in all legal documents referred to in the article provides for themandatory voluntary consent of the person who is the object of research. Article 10, paragraph2, of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Dignity of Biologyand Medicine: The Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine guarantees everyonethe right to access any information collected about their health. However, the desire ofindividuals not to receive such information must also be respected. The rights of patientsduring medical research, as the object of research, including the study of their biologicalmaterial and data, regardless of the country in which they live and where medical researchtakes place, national laws must guarantee ethical standards at the highest levelof medical research and ensure strong legal basis for future medical research. The socialfunction of the state is the vocation to protect the researcher and the subjects.
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