Relevance. In recent years, the price of seeds for melons and gourds of foreign selection has reoriented many agricultural producers to use seeds of domestic varieties. To provide agricultural producers with the required amount of seeds with high sowing rates, it is necessary to apply new technological methods that will allow using the biological potential of varieties and growing commercial volumes of seeds.Material and methods. The research was carried out at the selection and experimental site of the vegetable growing department in the "Federal Scientific Rice Centre " in 2017-2018. The object of research is a new promising variety of watermelon Yubilyar, and two early-ripening varieties of melon Tamanskay and Strelchanka. Sowing terms: spring – from mid-April to the end of the first decade of May, summer – the first and second decades of July. Summer sowing with drip irrigation. When harvesting melon and watermelon fruits, the selection intensity is 90% to obtain reproductive seeds RS-1.Results. It has been established that due to the climatic conditions of the Krasnodar Territory and the varietal characteristics of the melon varieties Tamanskaya, Strelchanka and the watermelon Yubilyar, a short growing season and a neutral reaction to changes in the length of the day, you can get two harvests of seeds in one season using summer sowing. It was noted that low air humidity prevented damage to plants by peronospora, anthracnose and powdery mildew, practically eliminating the need for protective measures. The selected ripe fruits for the selection of seeds by morphological characteristics corresponded to varietal characteristics. It has been established that the seed productivity of melon during summer sowing is higher due to better pollination. From one hectare received up to 97-138 kg of seeds. The use of ripening made it possible to carry out a one-time collection of watermelon and melon fruits.
Relevance. In the consumer market, there is a popular pumpkin in portion sizes weighing 1.0 to 2.5 kg. To meet the needs of the population and producers in pumpkin fruits, F1 varieties and hybrids with high economically valuable traits, portion size and manufacturability in production and processing are needed.Material and methods. The purpose of the research is to analyze, isolate and select the best breeding samples for creating parental lines of butternut pumpkin and large-fruited portion size.The experiment was carried out at the selection plot of the FSBSI "Federal Scientific Rice Centre" from 2015 to 2019. The objects of research were cultivars, hybrid populations, cultivars and samples obtained from different sources.Results. Lines with a number of economically valuable traits are highlighted, including portion size, productivity, biochemical parameters and commercial attractiveness of fruits. According to the length of the growing season, all inbred lines were divided into 3 groups: early maturing, mid-maturing, late maturing. In terms of productivity, the following lines stand out: KrChkh, BatS, La. The following lines were distinguished by the content of dry soluble substances (SRV, mg%): KrChkh, LaChkh, BatS, LaN. In muscat lines, the number of marketable fruits per plant varied from 3.3-5.7 pcs / plant. According to keeping quality, the test samples were divided into several groups: the least keeping quality among the studied samples was the line 15-5 (105 days); in fruits of lines 24-3, 16-5, 15-1, the safety of fruits increased to 116-126 days. The 28-2 line (162 days) was the highest keeping quality. The rest of the lines were attributed to medium bikes (133-148 days). All selected lines were characterized by a female type of flowering, multi-fruiting, short-leaved and good keeping quality of fruits. The KrChx line has a pronounced leaf aerenchyme. The organoleptic analysis showed that all the lines identified have a high score of 4.5-5. All commercially valuable traits in the lines are fixed with an inward.
УДК 635.262:631.531.04 ТЕМПЕРАТУРНЫЙ ФАКТОР КАК ОПРЕДЕЛЯЮЩИЙ КРИТЕРИЙ УСТАНОВЛЕНИЯ ОПТИ-МАЛЬНОГО СРОКА ПОСАДКИ ОЗИМОГО ЧЕСНОКА В. Э. ЛАЗЬКО, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, заведующий лабораторией бахчевых и луковых культур отдела овощекартофелеводства, О. В. ЯКИМОВА, научный сотрудник лаборатории бахчевых и луковых культур отдела овощекартофелеводства, О. И. СЛЕПЦОВА, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории агрохимии и почвоведения, Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт риса
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