The polyetiological syndrome of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is characterized by changes in patients’ hemostasis. The aim of the current research was to elucidate the main factors for the development of DIC syndrome during canine babesiosis, and to assess their correlation level. Dogs included in this study were of various breeds and sex, weighing 10-40 kg and aged 2-7 years. They were separated in two groups (n=50) according to their diagnosis to babesiosis. Oscillometry (blood pressure, pulse rate), vascular-platelet hemostasis, coagulogram, hematological, biochemical (fibrinogen, fibrin degradation product, soluble fibrin-monomer complex) and hemodynamic (circulating blood volume) assessment methods were used. The group of dogs positive on Babesia spp., had clear manifestation of DIC with 5-7% of the erythrocyte population being affected. DIC was manifested by a significant increase in soluble fibrin-monomer complex and fibrin degradation product (p<0.001), hypofibrinogenemia (p<0.001), thrombocytopenia (p<0.001), and an increase in indicators of spontaneous aggregation ability of platelets and red blood cells (p<0.001). Significant hemodynamic disorders were observed: a decrease in circulating blood volume, circulating erythrocytes volume (p<0.05), specific circulating blood volume and hematocrit value (p<0.001). The average blood pressure was reduced (p<0.001), and the Allgöwer’s shock index was increased 2 times (p<0.05). A shock of II degree (medium, subcompensated) was confirmed. Therefore, it can be concluded that acute spontaneous dogs’ babesiosis can be characterized by the occurrence of DIC in a consumption coagulopathy form, and shock of II degree. This condition renders the patients for emergency admission.

In the article the results of studies of epizootic characteristics, clinical course, diagnosis criteria of pets’ sarcoptoides, as well as evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of ivermectin in the fight against scabious diseases are presented. It is established that sarcoptoides among pets are mostly cats, home decorative rabbits, Guinea pigs, rats. Largely that do not meet hygienic standards contribute to contamination of animal welfare. Among the pathogens of pets’ sarcoptoidoses there are whole range, namely Notoedres cati causes scabies names notoedrosis; supracutaneous mite Psoroptes cuniculi striking in rodents, causing them the development of parasitic otitis, and carpet mite Otodectes cynotis is the cause of otodectosis in cats. Otodectosis in cats (31%) is most widespread. This is due to commensals of the pathogen and the constant presence of it in the external auditory canal. The rest of the diseases takes from 5 to 10% of the extensiveness of the invasion. Notoedrosis of cats is a highly contagous disease and more common in cats who have come into contact with stray animals and may have contracted through direct contact. Parasitic otitis in rodents, caused by Psoroptes cuniculi, develop in individuals that are kept separately and were not part of a collective of animals. Likely, the main contagion happened from mothers, and in further animals were carriers of parasites. Under favorable conditions, the increased development of ticks led to the emergence of the disease. Scabies diseases were accompanied by the development of dermatitis of varying severity, itching with scratches and abrasions. The clinical picture is quite characteristic, but the basis for diagnosis is the detection and identification of the pathogen, as well as the calculation of the intensity of the invasion. To combat sarcoptoidosis pathogens, parenteral administration of ivermectin solutions of 1% and 0.1% was applied twice at 7-day intervals at a dose of 0.03 ml/kg of 1% solution and 0.3 ml/kg of 0.1% solution. 7 days intensefficiency of drugs accounted for 69–85% and for 14 – 95–100%. The most effective drug was to fight Psoroptes cuniculi and Notoedres cati. Less intensefficiency of the drug in the fight against Otodectes cynotis may be associated with the biology of the mites and its commensals to the external auditory canal of cats.

The article presents the results of studies of changes in the shape of red blood cells during spontaneous babesiosis in dogs. It was found that in 2019, seasonal outbreaks are caused and characterized by the presence of two waves – spring-summer with a peak in June and autumn with a peak in October. The intensity of parasitemia increases synchronously with the extensity of infestation in the first half of the year(a narrow direct correlation), in the future it falls and does not correlate with outbreaks of animal disease. Clinically, the spring-summer wave of the disease is characterized by an acute-subacute typical course with pronounced classic clinical signs. The autumn wave had a predominantly subacute-atypical course, with the development of severe complications with signs of hepatopathy and acute renal insufficiency, cardiomyopathy and myocarditis, lesions of the nervous system, the development of shock with a significant tendency to decompensation. Changes in the shape of red blood cells are bright and indicative markers of the state of animals on babesiosis. Poikilocytosis was detected in 92.3 % of sick dogs. The most common changes are acanthocytosis and vacuolization of erythrocytes (irreversible forms), which qualitatively assess the degree of damage to vital organs. Echinocytes are reversible forms that appear in the early stages and determine the development of renal and hepatic pathologies. Stomatocytes accompany the development of inflammatory and dystrophic pathologies, qualitatively characterize the degree of hemolytic anemia. Their intensity is synchronous with the extent of the invasion. The appearance of schizocytes is a formidable symptom that is pathognomonic for disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome. This marker requires immediate use of intensive care. The assessment of qualitative changes in the form of red blood cells, the calculation of the intensity of erythrocyte lesions allows you to determine the severity of the condition of the body of sick dogs, the degree of metabolic disorders, hemolytic anemia, hepatopathy, the severity of intoxication, uremic syndrome, spleen hyperplasia, as well as identify the development of DIC syndrome, kidney failure and “shock kidney”. Such an assessment is necessary for making timely and adequate decisions regarding therapeutic measures for spontaneous babesiosis of dogs.

The aim of the present study was to examine the lipid profile, lipid fractions and the lipid peroxidation state in the blood of neutered cats with obesity and diabetes. Three groups of neutered cats (males and females) were formed for the study. We compared cats with obesity (7-9 points on a 9-point BCS scale), with obesity complicated by diabetes, and clinically healthy animals with normal body condition scores (4-5 BCS points). Lipidogram parameters, fractions of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), chylomicrons (CM), lipid peroxidation products (POL) - lipid hydroperoxides (GPL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were analysed. In obese cats, a decrease in HDL and phospholipids was observed, and an increase in LDL, VLDL, CM, triglycerides, and cholesterol. No significant differences in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism between neutered females and males were found. A tendency towards increasing concentrations of lipoproteins, triglycerides and cholesterol in males, as well as an increase in phospholipids in females was found. In cats with obesity and associated diabetes, the ratio of phospholipids: cholesterol was less than one, while in healthy cats - more than one. Obesity and diabetes initiate POL and increased concentrations of GPL and MDA, which were the highest in the blood of females with associated pathology.

Надзвичайно розповсюдженою кровопротозойною хворобою собак регіону Центрального ПоліссяУкраїни є бабезіоз. Збудники паразитують в еритроцитах хворих тварин, зумовлюючи їхнє руйну-вання. Рештки зруйнованих клітин, вивільнені фактори еритроцитів сприяють реакції з боку лімфо-їдних тканин. Постійна патогенна стрес-стимуляція органів системи мононуклеарних фагоцитівзбудниками захворювання, особливо селезінки, призводить до гіперпластичних змін – спленомегалії.Мета роботи – визначити механізм формування спленомегалії, спричинений бабезіозом та патоген-ний вплив зміненої селезінки, встановити клінічні ознаки, стан організму під час цього ускладнення,обґрунтувати рекомендації щодо лікування хворих тварин. Матеріалом дослідження слугували соба-ки, хворі на спонтанний бабезіоз, з ускладненням хвороби на спленомегалію. Проводили клінічні і ла-бораторні дослідження для встановлення загального стану функціонування організму хворих собак.Виявлено виражену сезонну активність спалахів бабезіозу. Ускладнення перенесеного бабезіозу спле-номегалією відмічено в середньому у 7 % хворих собак. Основну кількість їх зареєстровано наприкін-ці осінньої хвилі спалаху бабезіозу в зимовий період. Спленомегалія є віддаленим наслідком дії збудни-ка та патологічних реакцій, відповідно на його вплив. Клінічно ускладнення проявляється збільшен-ням селезінки в розмірах, периспленітом. Розлади шлунково-кишкового тракту зумовлені компресій-ним впливом селезінки і часто гепатомегалією, що розвивається паралельно до гіперплазії селезінки.Лабораторні дослідження свідчать про завершення запалення і розвиток гіперплазії селезінки, запа-льні процеси, а також дистрофічні зміни у печінці, ниркову недостатність, що сукупно визначаєсимптомокомплекс псевдогепаторенального синдрому. Гіперпластично змінена селезінка загрожуєнаростанням несприятливих явищ позапечінкової портальної гіпертензії, компресійних порушеньорганів черевної порожнини, септичного розплавлення органу. Такий стан визначає необхідністьпроведення спленектомії для збереження здоров’я та життя тварини.