Introduction: The clinical course of acute respiratory viral infections was not sufficiently studied, specially the state of oxidative homeostasis in children with influenza stomatitis. This fact became the base for our study. The aim: to characterize the state of oxidative-prooxidant system as one of the factors of non-specific resistance of children` organism with influenza stomatitis. Materials and methods: A survey was conducted on 384 children with acute respiratory viral infections aged from 6 months to 12 years, among them 318 had lesions of oral cavity. The mild form was diagnosed in 52 children, moderately severe - in 185, severe - in 81 children. The control group consisted of children without lesions of oral cavity (66 people). To analyze lipid peroxidation we used a spectrophotometric determination of diene conjugates. The ceruloplasmin activity and the transferrin saturation in blood plasma by iron were determined by G. Babenko’s method. Results: We found the intensification of lipid peroxidation: a significant increase of diene conjugates in serum up to 13.78 %, the level of which depended on the severity of disease. We also found the activity increase of ceruloplasmin in 1,8 times in patients with severe course of disease. The saturation of blood plasma transferrin by iron was significantly reduced - for 15.27 % in patients with severe course of influenza stomatitis. Conclusions: Changes in antioxidant system happend due to the activation of lipid peroxidation, and because of the inability to neutralize toxic metabolites in the children` body the intoxication syndrome developed.

The aim: Is to study the ecological and hygienic situation in the living area of 6-year-old children in terms of drinking water (micro- and macroelements), to identify its relationship with the state of mineral metabolism in children’s mouths, prevalence and intensity of temporary and permanent caries. Materials and methods:Clinical and laboratory studies were to study the objective condition of the teeth -intensity of dental caries according to the recommendations of the WHO and the method of T.F. Vinogradova. The hygienic condition of the oral cavity was determined by the indices Silness-Loe, Stallard. Results: The results of our studies have shown that the proposed therapeutic and prophylactic complex, which includes drugs of endogenous (Vitafluor) and exogenous use (osteovitis, deep fluoridation, toothpastes “Splat junior” and “Lacalut fluor”), improves the hygienic state of the oral cavity, increases mineralizing the potential of the oral fluid and, as a result, helps to reduce the intensity of dental caries in children. Conclusions: The data obtained indicated a high caries prophylactic efficacy of the proposed therapeutic and prophylactic complex for 6-year-old children living in the zone of hypophtorosis.

The data we obtained on the prevalence of dental caries in children with cerebral palsy indicate a mass incidence, according to the WHO, 95.83 ± 3.29% (in the control group – 41.67 ± 2.29%) with the intensity of the lesion 9, 96 ± 0.21 conventional units for dental caries and 10.32 ± 0.48 conventional units for carious cavities. Analyzing the structure of the DMF index, it should be noted that dental caries is 5.57 ± 0.22, filled teeth – 2.34 ± 0.28, extracted teeth – 1.89 ± 0.1. Acute initial caries of permanent teeth was found in 45.83% of cases with an average intensity of 4.05 ± 0.21 conditional units. The evaluation of the oral hygiene index according to the OHI-S index showed its low index and, accordingly, the "good" state of oral hygiene in only 12.5% of cases. The average value of the OHI-S index and, accordingly, a "satisfactory" state of hygiene was recorded at 25.0%, a high index of OHI-S ("unsatisfactory" hygiene) – at 29.17% and a very high index of OHI-S ("poor" hygiene) – in 33.33% of cases. The evaluation of the timing of teeth eruption revealed a delay in their eruption in 45.83% of patients. The analysis of the condition of the hard tissues of the teeth, in particular acute initial caries, shows that motility disorders in children with cerebral palsy require corrective exercises to form the manipulative function of the hand, improve skills and abilities related to the performance of individual oral hygiene.

Вступ. Формування у вищому медичному на-вчальному закладі гармонійно розвиненої особи лі- УДК 378.148.88:616.31 DOI 10.11603/me.2414УДК 378.148.88:616.31 DOI 10.11603/me. -5998.2018 COMPETENCE APPROACH IN THE TRAINING OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTSМета роботи -формування у студентів на практичних заняттях із дитячої стоматології комунікативних навичок і вмінь, готовності до тактовної психологічної корекції пацієнтів дитячого віку для успішного проведення лікувально-діагностичних стоматологічних маніпуляцій.Основна частина. У Тернопільському державному медичному університеті імені І. Я. Горбачевського на кафедрі дитячої стоматології постійно вдосконалюються технології навчального процесу, впроваджуються сучасні педагогічні технології, зокрема тренінгова, коучинг, кейс-технології, інші інтерактивні техніки, що мотивують студентів до майбутньої практичної діяльності, дозволяють готувати спеціалістів, здатних в умовах практичної охорони здоров'я найефективніше використовувати теоретичні знання. Тренінгова технологія, зокрема коучинг, сприяє формуванню професійних, комунікативних умінь і нави-чок, навичок самопізнання, спілкування та взаємодії людей у групі, дозволяє особистості при використанні потрібних методів і прийомів досягти поставлених цілей, найвищих результатів діяльності. Відповідно до теми практичного заняття із дитячої стоматології викладач вибудовує сюжетно-рольову ситуацію, де кожному студенту відводиться певна роль: маленький пацієнт, його родичі, стоматолог-терапевт, стоматолог-хірург, ортодонт, рентгенолог, завідувач відділення, медична сестра, реєстратор тощо. Лікарю-стоматологу необхідно знайти психологічний контакт із дитиною та її батьками. Мистецтво бесіди, основане на розумінні, довірі, співчутті, та психологічний вплив лікаря-стоматолога на дитину -це ключ до встановлення співпраці з маленьким пацієнтом і запорука успішного лікування.Висновок. Вміння встановити психологічний контакт із дитиною, вміння правильно, адекватно оцінити клінічну ситуацію, ефективно провести діагностичні та лікувальні стоматологічні маніпуляції підвищує професійний рівень підготовки майбут-нього спеціаліста, удосконалює професійну майстерність студентів старших курсів, робить можливим надання кваліфікованої медичної допомоги.Ключові слова: компетентності; навчальний процес; стоматолог дитячий; тренінгова технологія; ситуаційно-рольові ігри.The aim of the work -to promote the formation of communicative skills and abilities of students in practical lessons in pediatric dentistry, readiness for tactful psychological correction of patients of childhood for successful medical and diagnostic dental manipulations.The main body. In I. Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University at the Department of Pediatric Dentistry we're constantly improving the technology of the educational process, introducing modern pedagogical technologies, in particular, training, coaching, case technology, other interactive techniques that motivate students for future practical activities, allow preparing specialists capable of practical health care th...

<p>Загальний стан організму дитини, зокрема часті епізоди ГРВІ, поряд з іншими факторами відіграють важливу роль у формуванні резистентності зубів до карієсу, на фоні чого проходять імунобіологічні зміни в порожнині рота, особливо в період “дозрівання” емалі зубів, які впливають на структурно-функціональну резистентність емалі, створюючи ризик розвитку карієсу зубів.</p>

Summary. Preparation of hard tissues of teeth is an integral stage of the invasive method of treating caries and is a complex effect of various factors that make it possible to remove tissues affected by this process and the formation of a cavity of arbitrary shape, based on the principles of gentle preparation, which consists in the most effective removal of demineralized with the preservation of intact tissues. The aim of the study – determination of enamel and dentin surface aspects when using ultrasonic type of odontopreparation compared with the preparation of teeth with rotary instruments. Materials and Methods. Intact retinal teeth of the chewing group, removed by surgical indications, were used as material for the morphological study. After special preparation, the teeth were dissected using ultrasound with the help of special nozzles and in the classical way using rotary instruments, subject to the protocols of manipulations. Subsequently, histological preparations of these teeth were made and examined by light microscopy at magnification x 400. Results and Discussion. In the case of ultrasound preparation, single invaginations were visualized on the surface, which were dissociated by prongs and equal sections of dentin. The tips of dentin prongs are smoothed, the taper is about 800. The maximum height of the prong does not exceed 1.3 microns. In the area of the bottom and walls of the cavity all over the existing lubricated layer in the form of a thin structureless weakly basophilic line, smaller in area compared to the same in the cavity, prepared with rotary tools. At preparation with rotary instruments, small invaginations alternating with pronounced prongs were observed at the bottom and walls. Flat levels were not visualized. The taper of the prongs is about 600 the maximum height of the prong is 2.4 microns. In the region of the bottom and walls of the cavity along the boundary of the preparation, a structured layer is smeared in the form of a thin sharply basophilic line. Conclusions. The comparative characterization of dental preparation methods makes it possible to recommend an ultrasound method as a method of choice for a specific contingent of individuals, since it not only provides painless preparation and minimizes stress during dental procedures, but is also gentler on the morphological characteristics of hard dental tissues.

Children with cerebral palsy often face difficulties in controlling their own movements and coordinating muscle activities, making even simple tasks such as individual oral hygiene challenging to perform. Purpose - to assess the index of individual oral hygiene and periodontal tissue condition, development of fine motor skills in children with cerebral palsy to determine the quality of tooth brushing. Materials and methods. The study included 34 children aged 8-12 years with cerebral palsy. The oral hygiene status was determined clinically and using the Fedorov-Volodkina oral hygiene index. The periodontal tissue condition was assessed using the PMA index, the bleeding index by Muhlleman, and the periodontal index. The level of fine motor skills development was assessed using the Motor Giftedness Scale by N.I. Ozeretskyi and special techniques with tasks of different content. Results. The indicators of the level of development and individual components of motor functions, including fine motor skills of the hands in children with cerebral palsy according to the Motor Giftedness Scale by N.I. Ozeretskyi, were 6.67±1.16 points, and 3.12±1.10 and 2.10±0.03 points according to special techniques with tasks of different content. The assessment of oral hygiene using the Fedorov-Volodkina index showed that only 8.82% of cases were rated as «good» «satisfactory» in 26.47% of cases, and «unsatisfactory» in 64.71% of cases. The qualitative assessment of the oral hygiene index showed an average score of 2.5±0.02 points. The PMA index in children with cerebral palsy was 41.67%, bleeding index was 1.47±0.01, and periodontal index was 1.21±0.09. Conclusions. The results of the study showed that due to the impaired development of fine motor skills of the hands in children with cerebral palsy, mechanical cleaning of teeth from dental plaque is complicated, which negatively affects oral hygiene and periodontal tissue condition. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the institution mentioned in the work. Informed consent from the children’s parents was obtained for the research. No conflict of interests was declared by the author.

No abstract