Поступила в редакцию 17.10.15 г. Особенности экологической стратегии Tulipa gesneriana L. (Liliaceae, Liliopsida).-Кашин А. С., Петрова Н. А., Шилова И. В.-Жизненность 31 природной популяции Tulipa gesneriana основана на данных полевых исследований, проведённых в 2013-2015 гг. в различных районах европейской части России. По результатам анализа 14 морфологических признаков T. gesneriana выявлены основные факторы, оказывающие влияние на жизненность их популяций. Наиболее существенным фактором оказался выпас скота. Влияние других негативных факторов значительно ниже. В целом для исследованного вида характерна смешанная стресс-толерантно-рудеральная эколого-ценотическая стратегия. Так, при нарастании уровня стресса происходит уменьшение размеров всех надземных органов растения, что сопровождается увеличением разброса по высоте и диаметру растений. Однако большинство параметров, напротив, имеет слабое снижение вариабельности при стрессе. Указанные особенности свидетельствуют о сравнительно широкой экологической амплитуде исследованного вида. Ключевые слова: Tulipa gesneriana, жизненность популяций, эколого-ценотическая стратегия. Some features of the environmental strategy of Tulipa gesneriana L. (Liliaceae, Liliopsida).-Kashin A. S., Petrova N. A., and Shilova I. V.-The vitality of 31 natural populations of Tulipa gesneriana is based on our field surveys conducted in several parts of European Russia in 2013-2015. Basic factors affecting the population vitality were revealed by analysis of 14 morphological parameters of T. gesneriana. Cattle grazing have turned out to be the most essential factor. The effect of other negative factors is much lower. Overall, the mixed stress-tolerant and ruderal ecologically-cenotic strategy is characteristic of the species studied. E.g., an increase in the stress level results in size reduction of the aboveground plant organs accompanied by considerable variations in the height and diameter of plants. However, most parameters, on the contrary, have a weak reduction of their variability under stress. The indicated features give evidence of relatively wide ecological amplitude of the examined species.

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The article presents a bioclimatic model of the potential range of Bulbocodium versicolor in European Russia. To build the model, we analyzed a matrix containing 166 B. versicolor localities in the studied region; the analysis was carried out in the SDMtoolbox program using the climatic paramaters from the WorldClim open database. The model demonstrates that, given the available dataset on the modern climatic conditions, B. versicolor may occur in a wider geographical range comprising, at the very least, the Belgorod, Voronezh, Volgograd, Lipetsk, Penza, Rostov and Saratov provinces. Also, within European Russia, the most favorable conditions for B. versicolor are found in most of the Voronezh and Volgograd provinces as well as in some areas of the Right Bank and Left Bank of the Volga River adjacent to the Volga Upland (in the Saratov province). The maximum occurrence probability is 70–100% while the average occurrence probability is 40– 60%. The maximum contribution to the model is made by the precipitation of the warmest and most humid quarter (June–August); a smaller contribution is made by the average temperature of the coldest (December–February) and warmest (June – August) quarters as well as by the average annual precipitation. The least contribution is made by the precipitation of the most humid month (July) and the driest quarter (March–May). Finally, we conclude that bioclimatic model facilitates a better understanding of the geographical distribution of the species in question.

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