The article presents a literature review on the need to balance feed for farm animals and poultry on the content of complete protein, which contains a complete set of essential and essential amino acids, the characteristics of feed materials of animal origin in relation to its protein value. The section "Materials and methods" presents methods for determining: crude protein by the Kjeldahl method, digestible protein with 0,2 % pepsin, and the coefficient of digestibility, and the principles of testing, as well as characteristics of methods for determining the content of essential and non-essential amino acids. incl. sulfur-containing, using the system of capillary electrophoresis "Kapel-105M". As a result of the conducted researches it is established that in terms of protein value (digestible protein and digestibility coefficient) feather flour is the least valuable, it is also poor in lysine, methionine, tryptophan and histidine, compared to other types of raw materials, despite hydrolysis and high heat treatment. Meat and bone meal are also less valuable in terms of digestible protein and essential amino acids. The best indicators of protein value were observed in dry blood plasma in terms of digestible protein content and digestibility coefficient, which is 89.9%, which indicates its good digestibility by animals and poultry. In terms of digestible protein, essential amino acids and digestibility, meat, blood meal and dry blood plasma are the most valuable. Due to this, these products are effective in feeding for protein synthesis of livestock and poultry products.
The literature review of the article presents the characteristics of the protein value of plant feed materials, in particular, of soybean and sunflower processing products, depending on the production technology. Their amino acid composition ideally meets the needs of young animals and poultry due to the high content of essential amino acids. The section «Materials and methods» presents methods for determining: crude protein by the Kjeldahl method, soluble protein in 0.2% potassium hydroxide, Barnstein protein, falsification of protein products with inorganic nitrogen, as well as characteristics of methods for determining the content of essential and non-essential amino acids, incl. sulfur-containing, using the system of capillary electrophoresis «Drops-105M». As a result of the research it was found that of the total number of analyzed samples of soybean meal in terms of protein content, 30.8% of products did not meet the declared values of producers and were in the range of 37.4 - 40.8%, in terms of protein solubility were in the range of 75 - 78%, which meets the norms of feeding.In addition, 5.0% of the total number of samples analyzed, were falsified after Bard alcohol, falsification of inorganic nitrogen was not found. The use of low-protein raw materials for the production of sunflower meal and cake was reflected in their protein content and ranged from 26.3 to 33.7%. Fermented soybean product and toasted soybean meal are characterized by a higher total content of essential amino acids in the protein, which was 26.3% and 27.2%, respectively, compared with full-fat expanded soybean expanded, where this figure was at 20.25%, and prevailed other analyzed products by methionine, threonine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, proline, alanine etc. The analyzed sample of sunflower meal, produced by a special technology is equivalent in total amino acid content in the studied soy products. Its content of methionine was 1.5 and 2.1 times higher, compared with toasted soybean meal and full-fat soybean, respectively. Also, the content of threonine, glycine, cystine, tryptophan, aspartic and glutamic acids in the sample of sunflower meal prevailed the content of the same amino acids in soybean products. Thus, the comprehensive assessment of plant protein components makes it possible to control not only the quantitative content of protein and amino acids, but also provides a detailed assessment of feeding.
The article presents a literature review on the need to balance feed on L-arginine content, its characteristics, ways to supplement the diet of animals and poultry, as well as modern methods for quantitative determination of L-arginine in food, pharmaceuticals, etc. In the section «Materials and methods» the characteristic of the developed test technique, parameters of carrying out research, calibration characteristics with application of a standard sample of L-arginine and carrying out tests of amino acid content in a feed additive by means of system of capillary electrophoresis «Kapel-105M» are given. A description of the validation characteristics performed in the process of validation of the method is given. As a result of the conducted researches the technique of definition of the content of L-arginine in feed additives by means of a method of capillary electrophoresis is developed. The test procedure is based on the dissolution of the feed additive sample, further separation and quantification of the free form of L-arginine, its identification by individual absorption at a wavelength of 200 nm, temperature in the working capillary 30 ºC, voltage 25 kV and conductive electrolyte. The results of validation of this technique by the following characteristics are presented: repeatability, reproducibility, trueness, linearity, limit of quantification, budget uncertainty. The values of trueness, repeatability, reproducibility and uncertainty of the method (with a confidence level of (P) 0.95) does not exceed 5.0 %, the hypothesis of Linearity is acceptable, calculated on the basis of standard deviation (SD) limit of quantification for determining the content of arginine are satisfactory. The results allow us to conclude that the method of capillary electrophoresis using the device «Kapel-105M» is quite accurate and reliable in the case of studies of feed additives L-arginine with a content of the main substance of at least 98,0 %.
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