The review discusses the issue of reflux nephropathy for specialists of the system of higher medical education: the article provides the definition, characterizes the epidemiology, risk factors for disease development in children with vesicoureteral reflux, causes and molecular mechanisms of renal fibrosis formation and progression in reflux nephropathy, markers for diagnosing and predicting the disease course.
Background: The article describes the issue of theoretical proof and experimental testing of the developed approach to optimization of fostering young generations of scientists and optimizing their individual career path. Aims: The aim of the article was to analyze the efficacy of the program of integration of high school students of medical school classes into the global system of training of young scientists.
Materials and methods: The general scientific methods were used, such as analysis and synthesis, field experiment and social research, which included survey conduction, education and control testing of high school students of medical preprofessional classes.
Results: Authors revealed the efficacy of implemented model of organization of educational process, which was based on the integration of high school students of medical classes into the global system of researchers training and which created a specialized environment for rapid individual professional development.
Conclusions: The conducted research proved the efficacy of the personalized approach to gradual teaching of basic research competencies.
The review is dedicated to the investigation of the role of A.B. Fokht, who was one of the most famous scientist, teacher and doctor during the period of the development of clinical oriented approach pathophysiology. The article examines new vectors in clinical medicine development of the second half of the 19th century. It is pointed out in the article that Russian scientists of that time instead of aiming at history rewriting or repeating the traditions of the West-European science finally formed their own rational ideas and tried to provide unique scientific research. What is more, the article contains biographical information about Fokht’s family, his teachers and colleagues. The article describes the main principles of Fokht’s scientific school, which became the most remarkable in Russia in the beginning of the 20th century, and also achievements of his followers, who had been working in the largest laboratories and chairs of Great Britain, the USA, Poland etc. Moreover the article contains information about the influence which the results of Fokht’s research had on recognition of Russian independent medical science worldwide. The article emphasizes the Fokht’s political and civil position against the educational and scientific reforms, which had been conducted by the Russian government in the beginning of the 20th century. Finally, the article describes Fokht’s personality and his activities in other spheres.
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