Historically, relationships with mental health professionals working in Russia have been difficult to sustain due to problems with access and perceived human rights infringements that existed earlier (Poloahij, 2001). This has resulted in many Russian psychiatric institutions having little opportunity to collaborate in international research or to take part in exchanges of information on service development. However, with the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Russia has been brought back into spheres of international cooperation in healthcare.
Recent studies indicate to the special importance of endothelial function (EF) in processes of the regulation of blood circulation. There are presented data on the influence of physical loads on changes in EF on the basis of analysis of the changes of serum content of angiogenin, vascular endothelial growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of MMP, thrombospondin and endothelin in young swimmers of various sports skill levels. During training activities and with gain in sports skill levels in young athletes there was found that a significant increment of the concentration of mentioned regulators may be a response to intense exercises indicating to active participation of endothelial vasculature of the growing body in a physiological mechanisms of adaptation to physical loads in children.
Data on the analysis of changes in the content of antioxidants and pro-oxidants, as well as copper, zinc, iron, magnesium cations in the blood plasma and concentrations of these ions in erythrocytes in patients with chronic bronchopulmonary disease (CBPD) complicated by pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) are presented. 288 children with congenital malformations of bronchi and lungs and cystic fibrosis were examined. Patients were divided into 4 groups: 1. CBPD without both chronic pulmonary heart (CPH) and PAH (n = 110); 2. Children with both CBPD and PAH (n = 80); 3. Patients with CBPD and forming CPH (FCPH) against the background of PAH (n = 46); 4. Children with both CBPD and CPH (n = 52). Reference data were obtained in 20 conditionally healthy children. An increase in the concentrations of free intra-erythrocyte iron (Fein) in CBPD patients has been established. A significant increase in Fein, especially pronounced in group 1 patients and gradually decreasing in other patients, indicates to a progressive oxidative stress and the involvement of more and more free iron in it. A significant increase in the activity of hydroperoxides (HP) in CPHLS indicates to an increase in the levels of organic peroxides and compensation for a decrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and other antioxidants. In CPH patients, the ratio of anti- and pro-oxidants Zn/Cu and Znin/Cuin decreases compared to CBPD patients without CPH. The authors believe that in the complex treatment of CBPD in children it is necessary to provide the prescription of iron and zinc chelators to prevent the intensification of oxidative stress underlying the development of multiple organ failure in these forms of bronchopulmonary pathology
A total of 288 children with chronic inflammatory diseases of the lung (HIDL), including cystic fibrosis (CF), were examined comprehensively. Significant activation of neutrophilic elastase (NE) in the chronic pulmonary heart (CPH) and an increase in the activity of cathepsin G (according to the activation of anti-cathepsin-G) in CPH patients was established. An increase in the level of matrilysin - matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) as the condition worsened was also found in patients with chronic leukemia; A significant increase in the content of MMP-7 is typical not so much for CPH patients, but for СF patients, in particular, during the formation of CPH in them. In СF patients, even without worsening the condition in the form of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), the developing pulmonary heart (DPH) and CPH, the levels of MMP-7 were increased more significantly than in congenital lung malformations cases. In patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) grade 1, the levels of IL-4 and IL-6 were 11.1 and 4.4 times higher than in controls, respectively. In PAH grade 2 children, the concentrations of IL-4 and IL-6 were 11.5 and 4.8 times higher than in controls. The dynamics of the content of endothelin-1 in the blood of patients was also characterized by an increase in its concentrations in HIDL patients by 4.5, 2.4 and 4.7 times, respectively, compared with the control. The content of nitric oxide in the blood of PAH patients was significantly lower than in the control and directly depended on the severity of PAH.
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