Methods for technical steganography have been developed in recent years. Hiding of information in such systems is achieved by using properties artificially created by human while constructing various technical means. An example of technical steganography is the application of the features of constructing clustered file systems. This makes it possible to hide information effectively by changing the alternation of individual clusters, the so-called сover files. The names of such files are the key information and it is extremely difficult to recover a hidden message without links (i.e. without names) of cover files. This work describes and analyzes various modern information storage technologies, namely HDD, Flash-USB, SSD. We have analyzed different indicators such as the number of implemented products, price, speed of reading and writing. The important indicators of storage media efficiency with regard to steganographic methods of hiding information in cluster file systems were also analyzed. For example, we have investigated the speed of sequential reading / writing and the speed of access to a random cluster that is similar to the speed of access to a fragmented file. For this, we used the test results from the UserBenchmark resource. Tests were performed using Sequential and Random4k methods. In conclusion, an assessment of information carriers is given and recommendations are given on using the method of hiding data by mixing clusters in the structure of the file system.
In this article are discussed techniques of hiding information messages in cover image using direct spectrum spreading technology. This technology is based on the use of poorly correlated pseudorandom (noise) sequences. Modulating the information data with such signals, the message is presented as a noise-like form, which makes it very difficult to detect. Hiding means adding a modulated message to the cover image. If this image is interpreted as noise on the communication channel, then the task of hiding user’s data is equivalent to transmitting a noise-like modulated message on the noise communication channel. At the same it is supposed that noise-like signals are poorly correlated both with each other and with the cover image (or its fragment). However, the latter assumption may not be fulfilled because a realistic image is not an implementation of a random process; its pixels have a strong correlation. Obviously, the selection of pseudo-random spreading signals must take this feature into account. We are investigating various ways of formation spreading sequences while assessing Bit Error Rate (BER) of information data as well as cover image distortion by mean squared error (MSE) and by Peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). The obtained experimental dependencies clearly confirm the advantage of using Walsh sequences. During the research, the lowest BER values were obtained. Even at low values of the signal power of the spreading sequences (P≈5), the BER value, in most cases, did not exceed 0,01. This is the best result of all the sequences under consideration in this work. The values of PSNR when using orthogonal Walsh sequences are, in most cases, comparable to other considered options. However, for a fixed value of PSNR, using the Walsh transform results in significantly lower BER values. It is noted that a promising direction is the use of adaptively generated discrete sequences. So, for example, if the rule for generating expanding signals takes into account the statistical properties of the container, then you can significantly reduce the value of BER. Also, another useful result could be increasing PSNR at a fixed (given) value of BER. The purpose of our work is to justify the choice of extending sequences to reduce BER and MSE (increase PSNR).
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