Study design Retrospective population-based cohort study. Objectives To characterise the epidemiology of traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) among the inhabitants of Saint Petersburg, Russia. Setting All hospitals in Saint Petersburg. Methods Charts for all individuals admitted to city hospitals from 1st January 1 2012 to 31st December 2016 with acute TSCI were reviewed. Incidence rates were calculated for the whole period and for each year separately. Gender-specific and age-specific incidence rates were calculated, and epidemiological characteristics and possible risk factors were analysed. Results A total of 361 people were identified. The average annual incidence rate was 17.6 per million, varying from 21.2 (2013) to 13.6 (2016), and 70.9% were men. Mean age at injury was 42.1 years. Injuries from falls represented 49.8% of cases, and motor vehicle accidents 18.9%. The male:female ratio in the low-falls group was 1.2:1, and among the elderly patients, it was 0.5:1. Lesions at the cervical level were involved in 49.3%, thoracic in 24.7%, and lumbar/sacral in 23.5%. TSCI was complete in 16.9%. Concomitant injuries occurred in 47.2% of cases, and traumatic brain injuries in 37.7%. Conclusion TSCI incidence decreased during the observation period and was 2.4 times more common among men than women. In half of the cases, injuries involved the cervical level, and a fall was the most frequent injury cause. Elderly women more often had falls from a low height than men. Multiple injuries-most frequently traumatic brain injuries-were common.
This article presents the results of a retrospective clinical and epidemiological analysis of acute traumatic spinal cord injury (causes, level and severity), a study of comorbid pathology and risk factors in Saint Petersburg for the period from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2016. The obtained data are compared with similar domestic and foreign studies.
The relevance of differential diagnosis and treatment of primary and secondary headaches remains an important problem for physicians of various specialties. Migraine is a maladaptive disease, which necessitates further study of new pathogenetic mechanisms, symptomatic treatment improvement of migraine, as well as the development of more effective non-drug and drug methods for preventing migraine attacks. It is also important to determine the predictors of the chronic migraine development, which will prevent the episodic migraine transformation into a chronic form. The team of authors conducted a study to assess the degree of cerebral circulatory disorders in patients suffering from chronic migraine. The obtained results of the study made it possible to improve the diagnosis of both chronic and episodic migraine, to clarify the pathogenetic mechanisms of the formation of migraine attacks and the transformation possibility into chronic migraine. Practical recommendations have been developed to improve the effectiveness of ongoing symptomatic and preventive treatment, which improves patient’s quality of life. This article will be useful for doctors – neurologists, algologists, cephalgologists, GPs, doctors of functional and radiation diagnostics and doctors of other specialties, both for beginners and with experience
A retrospective cohort descriptive study based on archived patient's charts was performed to research the clinical and neurological features of patients with traumatic spinal cord injuries and analyze predictors of hospital mortality rate. We analyzed 311 cases of acute spinal cord injury for 2012–2016. The relationship of gender and age characteristics, and clinical/neurological features of spinal cord injuries is described. The mortality rate dependence on the level and severity of spinal cord injuries was revealed. Risk factors such as concomitant traumatic brain injury and alcohol consumption before injury were identified.
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