It has been numerically observed and mathematically proven that for a clamped Euler's Elastica, which is uniformly loaded, there exist, in large deformations, some ‘undocumented’ equilibrium configurations which resemble a curled pending wire. Even if Elastica is one of the most studied model in mathematical physics, we could not find in the literature any description of an equilibrium like the one whose existence was forecast theoretically in [36].
In this paper, we prove that this kind of equilibrium configurations can be actually observed experimentally when using ‘soft’ beams. We mean with soft beams: Elasticae whose ratio between the applied load intensity and the bending stiffness is large enough. Moreover, we prove experimentally that such equilibrium configurations are actually stable, by observing their oscillations around the considered nonstandard equilibrium configuration.
To describe theoretically such oscillations we consider, instead of a ‘soft’ Elastica model, directly a Hencky‐type discrete model, i.e. a ‘masses‐springs’ finite dimensional Lagrangian model. In this way we formulate, avoiding the use of an intermediate continuum model, a model for which numerical simulations can be performed without the introduction of any further discretization. In this way, we can also predict quantitatively the motions of soft beams, in the regime of large displacements and deformations. Postponing to future investigations more careful quantitative measurements, we report here that it was possible to get a rather promising qualitative agreement between observed motions and predictive numerical simulations.
Abstract.A study of the strength and deformation properties of freshwater ice under compression, tension and shear in a wide range of strain rates (10 −4 − 3 · 10 3 s −1 ) and temperatures of −5 • C, −20 • C, −40 • C and −60 • C was performed. Static stressstrain curves of ice under compression were obtained on which the identified strength properties of ice as well as compressive modulus. To determine the mechanical properties of ice at high-speed loading the Kolsky method was used with various embodiments of split Hopkinson bar. The deformation curves were obtained at various loading conditions. Thereon breaking points were defined as well as their dependence on the strain rate and temperature. Also static and dynamic strength properties of ice at splitting and circular shear were defined. Increase in the dynamic strength properties upon the static ones for all loading conditions was marked.
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