To study the effect of sodium Selenite application different methods on the yield of spring wheat varieties, depending on the conditions of water supply, a series of vegetation experiments in accordance with the methodology were carried out. The object of the study is spring wheat of the Zlata variety (Triticum aestivum L.). It was found that the effect of selenium on the yield of wheat of the Zlata variety depended on the method of its application and the conditions of water supply. With optimal water supply, the positive effect of selenium on the yield of spring wheat plants was revealed with both methods of applying sodium selenite. It was found that in conditions of drought, the positive effect of selenium was obtained with both methods of using sodium selenite. The greatest efficiency of selenium is obtained in foliar processing of plants. The increase in grain weight in this variant was 1.4 times. The increase in the share of the agronomic significant part of the wheat crop yield to 36% is shown, which indicates the decrease in the negative effect of drought on the formation of spring wheat yield when using foliar processing of plants.

Background: Currently, technologies that provide the energy and nutritional value of agricultural crops under extreme growing condishions have the greatest advantage. Much research is devoted to the study of the effect of brassinosteroids and their analogs, as well as zircon, which have a multifunctional effect on the yield and the formation of elements of productivity of various agricultural plants. Also many studies have been carried out to study the effect of microelements on the formation of yield and adaptive ability of grain crops. However, some aspects of increasing the efficiency of growth regulation and microelements require further study. In this regard, studies were carried out to study the effect of the combined use of growth regulators and sodium selenite on the yield and the formation of productivity elements of spring wheat, depending on the conditions of water supply. The efficiency of the action of plants growth epin and zircon, introduced together with sodium selenit, on the yield and production process of spring wheat plants under conditions of optimal irrigation and short-term soil drought has been studies. Methods: The research was carried out in 2018-2019. In a vegetation experiment at the Russian State Agarian University-Moscow Agricultural Academy. The object of research was spring soft wheat of the Ivolga variety. The plants were grown in vessels with a capacity of 5 kg of soil. For the experiments, a soddy-podzolic medium loamy soil was used. The optimal conditions for water supply were created watering the vessels during the entire growing season. A short-trem drought was created by stopping irrigation duting the steming phase. The duration of the drought is 5-6 days. In experiments, growth regulations epin, zircon and sodium selenite were studied, which were used by treating seeds before sowing wich 0,01% solutions of preparations. In the studies, the yield of spring wheat ang the formation of productivity elements were determined. Result: Analysis of variance results for differences in the action of sodium selenite, zircon and epin, as well as their combination on various aspects of the production process of forming wheat yield. The stimulating effect of the combined use of sodium selenite and zircon on the reproductive organs of wheat was established, as a result of cariopses in an ear increased by 1.43 time. The activation of the attracting ability of the ear established when using the conscientious use of sodium selenite and epin. As a result, the wheat yield increased by 20% with optimal water supply and drought.

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The paper presents studies of the enzymatic activity of barley grains of different varieties. In experiments with different varieties of malting barley, the activity of isoforms of amylolytic enzymes was determined at pH = 5.5, 7.0, 8.0 using a phosphate buffer system (1/15 M phosphate buffer). The activity of enzymes in the germinated grain was determined after the removal of sprouts and roots. In experiments to determine the activity of amylases in the study of the action of enzymes in acidic (pH = 5.5), neutral (pH = 7) and alkaline (pH = 8) environments, it was found that in germinated barley grain, acid isoenzymes α- and β-amylases, as well as neutral and alkaline isoenzymes. It is shown that in the process of malting on the 7th day, the activity of amylotic enzymes increases significantly, which is of great importance in the brewing industry. During the germination of barley seeds under standard conditions, an active complex of enzymes amylases, proteases, cytases, oxidoreductases is formed, which dissolve endosperm cells and convert reserve substances into soluble compounds.

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In short-term vegetative experiment studied the effect of the different combinations of nitrogen and zinc fertilizers on the chlorophyll content in the leaves of spring wheat plants of the Zlata variety. It is established that application of nitrogen fertilizers together with zinc in most combinations contributed to stabilization of synthesis processes of chlorophyll grains in the leaves of wheat. It is shown that in conditions of optimal water supply and in the conditions of ecological stress caused by drought the most optimal combinations were ammonium sulfate with zinc and urea with zinc. With optimal water supply in variants where were applied ammonium sulfate with zinc and urea with zinc was obtained an increase of the amount of chlorophyll (a + b) compared with control variant without zinc, as a result of the growth of the content of both chlorophylls a and chlorophyll b. In the conditions of named ecological stress, the amount of chlorophyll (a+b) was increased in the variant with the addition of ammonium sulfate mainly due to chlorophyll a. In the variant where was applied urea with zinc the amount of chlorophylls (a+b) increased as a result of growth of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b. It is shown that in conditions of drought in the specified variants had been increasing the ratio og chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b due to growth of chlorophyll b which indicates about improvement of water balance inside of the plant cells and increasing a photosynthetic activity due to normalization of processes of photolysis of water.

The researchers of Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy in 2013-2016 conducted a long-term stationary experiment to study chemical and toxicological properties of fiber flax, Voskhod variety, growing on sod-podzolic soil in the soil and climate of the Moscow region. Test plots were selected with following crop rotation options: without fertilizers, without liming; without fertilizers, with liming; N100P150K120 (kg a.i./ha), without liming; N100P150K120, with liming; N100P150K120 + manure 20 t/ha, without liming; N100P150K120 + manure 20 t/ha, with liming. The agro-climatic conditions of the growing seasons during the research years did not have a negative impact on the growth and development of fiber flax, the hydro-thermal index was 1.1 in 2013, -1.05 in 2014, 1.5 in 2015, and 1.5 in 2016. The maintained crop rotation and the introduction of a full range of mineral and organic fertilizers has been found to contribute to high yields of flax in terms of fiber (18.5-18.9 hwt/ha) and seeds (7.9-8.3 hwt/ha). The seeds contain 16.9-19.5% protein and 33.5-39.4% lipids. The yield of flaxseed oil from seeds ranged from 19.5-35.7% on average for different variants of the experiment. The peroxide number index was 2.5-1.5 mg-eq O2/kg, the acid number index was 1.1-1.9 mg KOH/g, which corresponds to obtaining high-quality linseed oil in compliance with quality standards for all variants of the experiment.

The paper considers Bayesian multi-stage signaling games. Previously formulated for extensive-form games, concepts of sequential equilibrium, separating equilibrium and pooling equilibrium are specified, and calculating methods for these equilibria are also discussed. A competitive collision model with signals indicating rivals' states is studied as a specific example. We determine conditions for existence of separating and pooling equilibria with ordered competition, in which the competition object goes to one of the rivals without a rigid encounter. Model parameters ranges of the equilibria existence are also determined.