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The need to intensify milk production urgently dictates the need to continue research on the physiology of cattle of any age. It is customary to attach great importance to blood, consisting of uniform elements and plasma, constantly circulating through the vessels. It provides gas exchange, metabolism and the delivery of hormones and bioregulators in their tissues. The success of hemocirculation strongly determines the completeness of the realization of the genetic growth potential and productivity of the animal and is closely related to the activity of aggregation of blood cells. Purpose: to find out the activity of aggregation of the main formed elements of the blood in newborn calves. The work was carried out on 32 newborn calves of black-motley breed, born of healthy cows after 2-3 pregnancies. The calves were examined on 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8 and 9-10 days of life. In the work, hematological and statistical research methods are applied. For newborns in calves, a tendency towards increased aggregation activity of red blood cells was revealed. This was combined with a low platelet aggregation, which tended to increase. The low aggregation of neutrophils in these calves also gradually increased. In newborn calves of optimal physiological status, there is a tendency to increase the aggregation of the main formed elements of the blood, which is a response to environmental influences.

We studied population polymorphism of active nucleolar organizing regions in residents of the Kursk region and the association of activity of chromosomal nucleolar organizing regions with intensity of the synthesis of erythrocyte membrane protein. We revealed a tendency towards increasing of the amount of the major erythrocyte membrane proteins (primarily, spectrins and band 5 protein) with increasing total transcriptional activity of nucleolar organizing regions of chromosomes. The intensity of protein synthesis affects cell proliferation, determines the rate of tissue growth and its function, which determines its participation in the development of various diseases.

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Background: Dilated cardiomyopathy is common in dogs. This form of cardiomyopathy is the main cause of death due to heart disease in dogs. Death can occur suddenly in clinically normal animals as a result of the progression of congestive heart failure (CHF). The pathogenesis of heart failure syndrome in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy involves activation of the neurohumoral system and immune-mediated inflammation, which leads to further progression of the condition. Heart failure syndrome in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy is caused by the progressive loss of cardiomyocytes, apoptosis, remodeling of the left ventricle, systolic and diastolic dysfunction, arrhythmias, reduced cerebral blood flow, the involvement of other key internal organs, and intestinal dysbiosis. Aim: This study aimed to determine the immunological and inflammatory mechanisms surrounding the development of heart failure syndrome in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy. Materials and Methods: The subjects of this study were dogs with a dilated form of cardiomyopathy (n=159), complicated by various functional classes of heart failure syndrome. Evaluation of myocardial remodeling, systolic function, and systemic hemodynamics was performed using EMP-860 Vet and PU-2200V ultrasound scanners according to the standard technique. Electrocardiography was performed with all dogs in right lateral recumbency using the EK1T-04 Midas electrocardiograph (50 mm/s speed and 1 mV gain = 1 cm). Results: In some affected animals, especially in cases of compensated dilated cardiomyopathy, leukocytosis was noted. In patients with dilated cardiomyopathy complicated by heart failure syndrome of various functional classes, the number of neutrophils was significantly increased, and the number of lymphocytes was decreased by 1.9-2.1 times when compared with those in clinically normal animals. In dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy, neutrophilic leukocytosis develops with a simple regenerative shift to the left. The results of immunological studies indicate that dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy develop T lymphocytopenia as compared with clinically normal animals. Conclusion: The central component of heart failure syndrome in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy is the activation of the neurohumoral system and immune-mediated inflammation. The development of CHF in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy is caused by the progressive loss of cardiomyocytes, apoptosis, remodeling of the left ventricle, systolic and diastolic dysfunction, arrhythmias, reduced cerebral blood flow, involvement of other key internal organs, and intestinal dysbiosis.

An increase of adhesion and aggregation functions of platelets in vivo and in vitro was detected in 5-6-year-old children with scoliosis. These disorders were caused by hyperproduction of von Willebrand's factor in the vascular wall and intensification of thromboxane production in blood platelets. Activation of thromboxane formation is the main cause of platelet hyperactivity in children with scoliosis. Correction of platelet hemostasis may include pathogenetically substantiated complex of therapeutic exercises, swimming, and massage.

Aim. To investigate the effects of fluvastatin on the blood cell aggregation in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and dyslipidemia (DLP).Material and methods. The main group (MG) included 32 middle-aged patients with Stage 1–2 AH (Risk 3) and Type IIb DLP. The control group (CG) included 26 healthy middle-aged people. All patients received fluvastatin (40 mg/d in the evening) and enalapril (10 mg twice per day). The assessment of clinical and laboratory parameters was performed at baseline, and after 4, 12, and 52 weeks of the therapy.Results. In MG patients, the disturbances of blood lipid profile and lipid component of blood cell membranes, together with activation of lipid peroxidation (LP) in blood cell membranes, was associated with an increased aggregation of erythrocytes, platelets, and leukocytes. The 52-week fluvastatin therapy somewhat improved blood lipid profile and reduced LP activity in both plasma and blood cells. However, these parameters failed to reach the levels observed in the CG. The one-year treatment with fluvastatin in the MG reduced, but not completely normalised the aggregation of erythrocytes, platelets, and leukocytes.Conclusion. Treating patients with AH and DLP with fluvastatin for one year significantly reduces, but not normalises blood cell aggregation.

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