Photophysical properties of several BODIPY-based fluorescent dyes were investigated in systems containing blood plasma biomolecules and in model system containing bovine serum albumin in terms of electronic absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The interaction between the investigated dyes and protein plasma components changes spectral characteristics of the dyes and leads to bathochromic and hypochromic absorption spectra shifts accompanied by changing of fluorescence intensity. The mechanism of fluorescence changing was defined in the terms of Stern-Volmer theory. It was shown that the static factor of molecular dye-biopolymers complex formation prevails at plasma protein concentration up to 1 g/l, while the higher viscosity range is characterized mainly by nonspecific fluorophore interactions. The increase of fluorescent characteristics of phenyl-substituted BODIPY in the presence of proteins caused by resonance energy transfer and change of physicochemical properties of the molecular environment of the fluorophore was shown for the first time.
Background:
Stroke is a major challenge in neurology due to its multifactorial genesis and
irreversible consequences. Processes of endogenous post-stroke neurogenesis, although
insufficient, may indicate possible direction of future therapy. Multiple research considers
stem-cell-based approaches in order to maximize neuroregeneration and minimize post-stroke
deficits.
Objective:
Aim of this study is to review current literature considering post-stroke stem-cell-
based therapy and possibilities of inducing neuroregeneration after brain vascular damage.
Methods:
Papers included in this article were obtained from PubMed and MEDLINE
databases. The following medical subject headings (MeSH) were used: “stem cell therapy”,
“post-stroke neurogenesis”, “stem-cells stroke”, “stroke neurogenesis”, “stroke stem cells”,
“stroke”, “cell therapy”, “neuroregeneration”, “neurogenesis”, “stem-cell human”, “cell therapy
in human”. Ultimate inclusion was made after manual review of the obtained reference list.
Results:
Attempts of stimulating neuroregeneration after stroke found in current literature
include supporting endogenous neurogenesis, different routes of exogenous stem cells
supplying and extracellular vesicles used as a method of particle transport.
Conclusion:
Although further research in this field is required, post stroke brain recovery
supported by exogenous stem cells seems to be promising future therapy revolutionizing
modern neurology.
:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and DM-induced vascular complications are a significant global healthcare problem causing a decrease in patient quality of life. The main reason for the disability and mortality of patients is rapidly progressing micro- and macroangiopathies. Currently, free radical oxidation is recognized as one of the main mechanisms in the development of DM and associated complications. Under normal physiological conditions, the level of free radicals and antioxidant defense capabilities is balanced. However, imbalance occurs between the antioxidant defense system and pro-oxidants during chronic hyperglycemia and may invoke formation of excess free radicals, leading to activation of lipid peroxidation and accumulation of highly toxic products of free radical oxidation. This is accompanied by varying degrees of insulin deficiency and insulin resistance in DM patients. Simultaneously with the activation of free radical generation, a decrease in the activity of antioxidant defense factors (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, vitamins C and E) and an acceleration of diabetic complications is seen. Therefore, we hypothesize that antioxidants may play a positive role in the treatment of DM patients to prevent DM-induced vascular complications. However this has not been sufficiently studied. In this review, we discuss recent insights into the potential underlying mechanisms of oxidative stress induced diabetic complications, and implications of antioxidants in mitigation of DM-induced vascular complications.
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