Principal technical and economic operation parameters of the high-temperature plasma waste conversion plant (production of electricity, heat, and basaltiform slag, amount of waste disposed, profitability, payback period, etc.) are presented. The combination of plasma waste conversion and electricity generation with the help of the self-produced pyrolysis gas provides a high profitability index and an acceptable payback period.
The layout of a technological process including catalytic steam and carbon dioxide reforming and Fischer−Tropsch hydrocarbon synthesis is presented. The inclusion of catalytic stages in plasma technologies provides the possibility to intensify conversion processes, enhance their depth, and obtain various gaseous and solid products.
Plasma technology allows organizing a highly effective and pollution-free waste conversion and offers significant advantages over traditional technologies when waste is either incinerated or disposed in a landfill.Formation and accumulation of production and consumption wastes creates a serious ecological and economic problem in the sphere of municipal services and secondary waste utilization. Expanding production scale and emergence of new diverse consumption products are accompanied by qualitative changes and increasing quantity of wastes, which puts in the forefront the problem of waste conversion into technically valuable products by environmentally friendly technologies.
The plasma technology provides the possibility to prevent hazardous industrial waste formation. Moreover, it is reasonable to include into the pyrogas treatment technology the catalytic stages of steam and carbon dioxide reforming and Fischer−Tropsch hydrocarbon synthesis. Plasma technology allows waste to serve as an inexhaustible source of raw materials for production of electricity, hydrogen, and fuels.
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