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ОсОбеннОсти иммунОлОгических пОказателей в услОвиях экзаменациОннОгО стрессаШиролапов И.В., Пятин В.Ф., Лавров О.В. ГОУ ВПО «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Минздравсоцразвития России, г. СамараРезюме. В условиях воздействия психоэмоциональных стрессоров обеспечивается постоянное тесное взаимодействие нервной, эндокринной и иммунной физиологических регуляторных систем. У 203 студентов вуза изучены особенности клеточных и гуморальных показателей системы имму-нитета при экзаменационном стрессе. Установлено снижение абсолютного и относительного со-держания CD3 + Т-лимфоцитов, субпопуляции клеток с функцией естественной цитотоксичности (CD3 -CD16 + CD56 + и CD3 + CD16 + CD56 + клеток) после экзамена по сравнению с таковым до экзаме-на. Выявлено снижение значений CD3 -CD19 + , CD3 + CD4 + и CD3 + CD8 + лимфоцитов после экзамена относительно контрольного периода измерений. Сывороточные концентрации иммуноглобулинов A, M, G находились в пределах физиологических значений нормы. Изменения иммунологических показателей при остром экзаменационном стрессе зависят от особенностей вегетативных и гормо-нальных реакций человека и в определенных условиях -предельных по интенсивности и длительно-сти -психоэмоциональный стресс может вызвать общие нарушения иммунного реагирования. It has been widely accepted that routine psychophysiological stressors may influence immune functioning via their close interactions between nervous, autonomic, endocrine and immune regulatory systems. The aim of this study was to evaluate immune reactions to acute psychophysiological stress in 203 medical students before and after academic exams. The results showed significant decrease of absolute and relative contents CD3 + T cells, natural killer (NK) cell subpopulations and T-NK cells (CD3 -CD16 + CD56 + and CD3 + CD16 + CD56 + ), as well as declined NK cell activity were revealed immediately after exams, as compared to initial values for these indices. Moreover, a significant decrease in CD19 + B cells, CD4 + T-helpers and CD8 + T-cytotoxic lymphocyte counts was found after exams, in comparison with parameters assessed under stress-free conditions, but no differences were observed, when compared with pre-examination values. Serum concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG were within normal physiological limits. Changes in immunological parameters during acute examination-associated stress depend on characteristics of autonomous and hormonal reactions in humans, and, under particular extreme conditions, such psycho-emotional stress may cause general disturbances of immune reactions. We conclude that acute psycho-physiological stress during the exams causes significant changes in some lymphocyte subpopulations, in particular, natural killers.

Aim - to find out the neurophysiological correlatives of motor imagery after the simulation of the motor pattern. Materials and methods. Monopolar EEG was recorded using EEG recording system Neuron - Spectrum - 4 / VPM at 7 right-handed volunteers aged 18-19 years. EEG was recorded according to the system 10-5 in the projection of the sensorimotor cortex of the left hemisphere during the imagination of two movements in the right hand (flexing the fingers, elbow flexion) before and after 30 seconds of simulation of movement patterns using the rehabilitation device Power Plate. Results. After the simulation of the motor pattern, the imagination of the two types of movement correlated with desynchronization of alpha-, beta- EEG rhythms, increasing the number of leads with the reaction of desynchronization (p

Aim. To study the features of the indices of the cardiovascular system and serum concentrations of several hormones and biogenic amines among the students under the impact of examination stress. Methods. The study was conducted on a group of young conditionally healthy volunteers. The starting group of study subjects consisted of 203 students who prior to participation in the study passed a medical examination, including medical history, calculation of body mass index, physical, instrumental and laboratory investigations. As a result, 93 students were selected; their own indicators outside the examination period were used as controls. The study individuals had an investigation of the state of autonomic reactions (measurement of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, Kerdo autonomic index) conducted 1 hour before and within 1 hour after the examination. The hormonal status was investigated by enzyme immunoassay. The results of the study were verified using the software package «StatPlus». Results. Sympathicotonic nature of the vegetative response dominated, according to which two categories of students were allocated: with a steady and significant increase in Kerdo autonomic index (53%) and with the lack of such growth rate (47%). In the study of the hormonal profile a reduction in the serum concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone and cortisol levels, an increase in blood content of the tested biogenic amines - histamine, epinephrine (adrenaline), serotonin was revealed. Conclusion. The established changes in the indices of the cardiovascular and endocrine systems emphasize the individual nature of each subject’s reactions, and therefore require clustering of students into groups according to the characteristics of autonomic and hormonal responses to psychoemotional stress.

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