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Disorders of carbohydrate metabolism occur in more than half of obese patients [6]. T2D develops because of poor glycemic control in patients with obesity. Medical, social, and economic factors are associated with its steadily increasing prevalence in combination with a high frequency of severe complications [7][8][9].A multitude of genes is involved in the progression of T2D. Even more genes affect the development of diabetes complications. Polymorphism in potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 11 (KCNJ11), uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genes may have detrimental effects in patients with T2D. Testing for polymorphisms of KCNJ11, UCP2, and MTHFR, which are directly involved in the metabolism of glucose, homocysteine (Hcy), and insulin synthesis, is fundamentally important for predicting the risk of T2D and its vascular complications and their ■ Abstract OBJECTIVE: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a multifactorial disease. Its occurrence and prognosis are affected by many genes, including KCNJ11, UCP2, and MTHFR. The objective of this study was to investigate the distribution of various variants of these genes and evaluate their contribution to the outcome of T2D. METHODS: 80 females with T2D and class I-II obesity in the age of 40-65 years old underwent a genetic study, a biochemical blood test, and indirect calorimetry. RESULTS: Carriers of C/T and T/T genotypes of the MTHFR gene had higher levels of cholesterol and triglycerides and lower levels of vitamin B6 and folate. The T/T genotype of the UCP2 gene was associated with higher levels of glycated hemoglobin, pre-and postprandial glycemia and lipid oxidation rate, lower carbohydrate oxidation, and lower serum vitamin C levels. CONCLUSIONS: Genotyping UCP2 and probably KCNJ11 may help to select the optimal antidiabetic therapy and improve disease prognosis, whereas the MTHFR gene may determine the need to monitor group B vitamin status and the risk of dyslipidemia. Keywords: diabetes mellitus · genes · homocysteine · B vitamins · oxidation substrates · carbohydrates · lipids metabolism

В статье приведены последние данные о распространенности сахарного диабета, особенностях микронутриентного статуса у больных с этой патологией, последствиях витаминной и минеральной недостаточности, а также пути её коррекции. Ключевые слова: сахарный диабет 2-го типа, осложнения, витамины, минералы.

Purpose of the study. Assessment of metabolic status in patients after bariatric surgery.Materials and methods. 29 patients with I-III degree obesity were examined. Clinical metabolic and micronutrient status was assessed for patients.Results. For patients after bariatric intervention, a more pronounced decrease in muscle mass during weight loss, an increase in the rate of oxidation of carbohydrates, a decrease in the rate of oxidation of fats, a decrease in the concentration level in the blood serum of a number of indicators of vitamin and mineral status (vitamin D, B12, iron, calcium) is characteristic.

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