The present study focuses on the comparative assessment of the therapeutic efficacy of the antiviral drugs riamilovir and umifenovir in the treatment of patients diagnosed with influenza. The aim of the study was to compare the clinical efficacy and safety, as well as the incidence of complications, of the use of antiviral drugs riamilovir and umifenovir and the use of only symptomatic therapy in patients with a confirmed diagnosis of influenza. All patients were hospitalized at the Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2 in Vladivostok. The study included 150 patients, who were divided into 3 groups (50 patients in each group), comparable in gender, age, and admission to the hospital. Patients of the first group received riamilovir, the second group received uminofenovir, patients of the third group received only symptomatic therapy (control group). The duration of clinical manifestations of the disease, hematological disorders, as well as the content of cytokines TNF-α and IL-10 in blood serum were assessed. The incidence of complications in each group was taken into account. As a result of the study, it was found that the inclusion of the antiviral drugs riamilovir and umifenovir in the therapy of influenza decreases the amount of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α after 5 days of treatment; and in case of symptomatic therapy its level significantly exceeded the reference values. The level of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 on the 5th day of treatment in the main group was three times lower than in the control group. Thus, riamilovir and umifenovir effectively relieve the main symptoms of the disease, reduce the incidence of complications, and reduce the severity of the inflammatory response by the 5th day of treatment.
Aim. Study effects of microwave electromagnetic radiation (EMR) of the SHF range in vitro on viability and functional status of neutrophilic granulocytes. Materials and methods. Neutrophils of peripheral blood of 30 conditionally healthy donors aged 18 - 20 years were exposed to the effect of broadband (natural, similar to sun radio emission) and mono-frequency (technogenic, similar to emission of cell phones, PCs, microwave ovens, etc.) EMR with frequency range of 4 - 4.34 GHz, generated by a SHF-generator «А1МТ-1». 16 minutes after the effect, viability of neutrophilic granulocytes, phagocytic activity, lysosome activity of cells were studied, N ВТ-reducing ability and cytokine content in supernatant were evaluated. Results. The amount of viable neutrophils significantly reduced after the effect of modelled EMR with technogenic frequency-temporal structure, functional status of viable cells did not change. Neutrophils retained viability after the effect of EMR of natural origin, increased levels of 1 Lip and TNFa was determined in supernatants, functional status of neutrophils of men remained stable, and in women an increase of phagocytic ability and a reduction of production of oxygen radicals was noted. Conclusion. The detected reduction of the amount of viable neutrophils under the effect of EMR of technogenic origin could result in disturbances in the system of innate immunity, other homeostasis elements of the human organism and development of pathologic conditions. At the same time, the detected effects of EMR of natural origin open perspectives of use of modelled microwave EMR of SHF range in prophylaxis and clinical medicine.
Viruses that cause acute respiratory infections are currently widespread and are reported worldwide. Among the most dangerous among them are influenza viruses, with a difficult to predict course and the possibility of rapidly developing life-threatening complications that can lead to death.The purpose of the research work: to analyze the effectiveness and safety of the treatment of community-acquired viral-bacterial pneumonia in hospital patients using only antibacterial therapy as an etiotropic treatment in comparison with the combined use of antibacterial therapy and the antiviral drug Kagocel®.Materials and methods. An open, prospective comparative study was conducted (from January 1 to December 31, 2018) to study the effectiveness of monotherapy compared with combination therapy with the antiviral drug Kagocel® for 60 patients diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia who were admitted during the period of an epidemic rise in the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza. All patients were treated in the infectious ward of the Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2, (Vladivostok, Russia). Patients were divided into 2 groups, 30 people each, comparable in age, gender and timing of admission to the hospital. The age of patients ranged from 18 to 65 years. The first group consisted of patients who received an antibacterial drug (control group) as an etiotropic therapy, the second group — those who received a combination of antibacterial and antiviral (Kagocel®) drugs (experimental group).Results. In the group of patients receiving both antibacterial and antiviral therapy with Kagocel®, there was a significant reduction in the duration of the febrile period and catarrhal manifestations compared with patients taking only antibiotics as part of etiotropic therapy. An analysis of the data showed that the use of Kagocel® in the treatment of viral-bacterial pneumonia significantly facilitates the patient’s condition during the illness, shortens the duration of the disease, reduces the duration of the main clinical symptoms of pneumonia, namely the duration of intoxication, catarrhal syndromes, and physical changes in the lungs.Conclusions. The use of the antiviral drug Kagocel® in the treatment of community-acquired viral-bacterial pneumonia leads to a more rapid relief of the main symptoms of the disease and reduces the duration of the disease. Good tolerance of the therapy, the absence of adverse reactions was noted.
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