Asthma and metabolic syndrome (MS) are common and social diseases. External and internal factors influencing the development and manifestations of asthma are identified; among which there is obesity that is a major risk factor for MS. Accordingly, the concurrence of asthma and MS and to study their clinical and pathogenetic relationships are a topical problem. There is a tendency to identify a particular asthma phenotype that is characterized by later-onset disease in the presence of obesity; the low prevalence of atopy, low serum level of IgE, and a poorly-controlled course with a trend of standard therapy resistance. It is necessary to understand the essence of asthma cause-effect relationships in the presence of obesity for defining management tactics for this group of patients.

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ФГБОУ ВО «Воронежский государственный медицинский университет им. Н. Н. Бурденко» МЗ РФ, г. Воронеж, РФ 2 ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова МЗ РФ (Сеченовский университет), Москва, РФВ обзоре литературы приводятся результаты исследований, посвященных различным аспектам сочетания бронхиальной астмы и COVID-19. В частности, затрагиваются вопросы частоты встречаемости бронхиальной астмы среди пациентов с подтвержденным COVID-19, влияния бронхиальной астмы на риск развития новой коронавирусной инфекции, особенности течения бронхиальной астмы у пациентов с COVID-19. Рассматриваются особенности применения отдельных компонентов базисной терапии бронхиальной астмы в период пандемии, в частности ингаляционных и системных кортикостероидов, антилейкотриеновых препаратов, таргетной терапии. Уделяется внимание рекомендациям по выбору устройств для введения ингаляционных лекарственных препаратов в свете профилактики распространения новой коронавирусной инфекции.

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The GOLD report is revised annually and has been used worldwide by healthcare professionals as a "strategy document" and tool to implement effective management programs based on local healthcare systems.The major change in the 2021 revision is the addition of Chapter 7 in which we summarize the relevant key points regarding COVID-19 in the context of COPD including recommendations for remote follow-up during pandemic restrictions. In recognition of the enormous role of COPD in LMIC countries we added references to the WHO minimum set of interventions for the diagnosis of COPD and the management of exacerbations.GOLD has been fortunate to have a network of international distinguished health professionals from multiple disciplines. Many of these experts have initiated investigations of the causes and prevalence of COPD in their countries and have developed innovative approaches for the dissemination and implementation of the GOLD management strategy. The GOLD initiative will continue to work with National Leaders and other interested healthcare professionals to bring COPD to the attention of governments, public health officials, healthcare workers, and the general public to raise awareness of the burden of COPD and to develop programs for early detection, prevention and approaches to management.