A B S T R A C TAccording to the available literature data, the absence of saponins and sapogenins in the composition could be typical for the representatives of the Hydrocharitaceae family. However, in the study of the component composition, the screening test for saponins gave a positive result. In this regard, studies have been carried out to determine the content of saponins (in terms of glycyrrhizic acid) in the phy to mass of some species of the Hydrocharitaceae family (Egeria densa, Elodea ca na den sis, Hydrilla verticillata, Нydrocharis morsus-ranae, H. dubia, Najas marina, Stratiotes aloi des, Vallisneria americana) from different regions of Eurasia. The highest amount of saponins is contained in the phytomass Hydrocharis dubia (5.1±0.3 %), H. morsusranae (3.6±0.5 %) and Stratiotes aloides (3.4±0.3 %), the smallest in Elodea canadensis (1.2±0.2 %). According to the content of saponins (in terms of glycyrrhi zic acid), the studied plants of the family Hydrocharitaceae could be divided into two groups: with the largest (more than 3 %), interesting as the raw material base, and the smallest (less than 3 %). On model species, seasonal changes in the content of saponins are confirmed, the content is statistically significantly diffe rent by 1.3 times. K e y w o r d s : Hydrocharitaceae, glycyrrhizic acid, triterpenoid saponins, composition, phytochemistry Р Е З Ю М Е Котельная Я. И., Алехина Е. А., Ефремов А. Н., Болотова Я. В., Гу сель никова М. В., Николаенко С., Тома Ц. Сапонины растений семейст ва Hydrocharitaceae. Согласно имеющимся литературным данным, для представителей семейства Hydrocharitaceae характерно отсутствие в их составе са по ни нов и сапогенинов. Однако, при исследовании компонентного состава скрининг-тест на сапонины дал положительный результат. В связи с этим были выполнены исследования по определению содержания сапонинов (по глицирризиновой кислоте) в фитомассе некоторых видов растений семейства (Egeria densa, Elodea canadensis, Hydrilla verticillata, Нydrocharis morsusranae, H. dubia, Najas marina, Stratiotes aloides, Vallisneria americana), полученных из различных районов Евразии. Установлено, что наибольшее количество сапонинов содержится в фитомассе Нydrocharis dubia (5,1±0,3 %), H. morsus-ranae (3,6±0.5 %) и Stratiotes aloides (3.4±0.3 %), наименьшее − в Elodea canadensis (1,2± 0,2 %). Исследованные растения семейства Hydrocharitaceae по содержанию са понинов (в пересчете на глицирризиновую кислоту) можно разделить на две группы: с наибольшим (более 3 %) -интересные с точки зрения сырье вой базы, и наименьшим (менее 3 %). На модельных видах подтверждены се зонные изменения содержания сапонинов, содержание статистически значимо отличается в 1,3 раза. Ключевые слова: Hydrocharitaceae, глицирризиновая кислота, тритерпеновые сапо нины, содержание, фитохимия
The plants of the families Salicaceae, Fagaceae, Pinaceae are traditional sources of tannins. However, earlier in the leaf tissues of some marine (Enhalus, Thalassia) and freshwater (Stratiotes) genuses of the family Hydrocharitaceae, idioblasts containing condensed tannins were found. In this regard, the purpose of the study was to determine the content of tannins in the phytomass of plants of the family Hydrocharitaceae (Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, Hydrilla verticillata, Stratiotes aloides, Egeria densa, Elodea canadensis) and medicinal plants − traditional sources of tannins (Quercus robur, Urtica dioica, Bidens tripartita).As a result of the research hydrolyzed tannins has been found in Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, and a mixture of hydrolyzed and condensed tannins in Stratiotes aloides, Elodea canadensis, Egeria densa, Hydrilla verticillata. Stratiotes aloides (3.1±0.1% of dry matter) and Hydrilla verticillata (2.8±0.1%) are characterized by the greatest content of tannins, Elodea canadensis (1.1 ± 0.1%) characterized by the minimal content. The shelf life of the dried phytomass does not affect the content of tannins. Statistical processing of the results of determination of tannins in the phytomass Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, Stratiotes aloides and Elodea canadensis, performed in different years, showed their convergence.The results of these studies allow us to consider the plants of the family Hydrocharitaceae as a potential source of tannins, comparable to such official sources as Urtica dioica and Bidens tripartita.
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