An original model of nephrogenic hypertension in rats was used for histochemical mapping of NADPH diaphorase (NO synthase) in various renal segments to examine the effect of hypotensive drugs furosemide, bendazol, and clonidine on the time course of nitroxide production in the kidneys. In various nephron segments, these drugs modulated NO synthesis in different ways. Clonidine induced a stable up-regulation of NO synthesis, which can maintain active vasodilation and gradually diminish the rennin production. Bendazol also enhanced NO synthase activity in renal glomeruli and collecting tubules, but this effect was less pronounced and short lasting. During the first week after injection of bendazol, insignificant elevation of NO synthase activity was observed in the proximal nephron segments. Furosemide exerted the least effect on NO production in kidneys.
Contemporary data on different therapy schemes for colorectal cancer are presented from the point of view of “costeffectiveness” indicator. There is an information about Federal programs aimed at increasing annual healthcare financing connected with preventing and curing malignancies. The statistics of the annual growth in colon and rectum cancer rates is discussed. An actual problem of increasing number of resource-intensive medicines for oncology treatment is stated. This is the reason to analyze cost-effectiveness.
The rational prescription of medicines with preferential drugs provision, including nootropics, which are widely used in patients receiving pharmacotherapy under the «Program for Providing Certain Categories of Citizens with Necessary Drugs», is possible only if modern evidence is available.Aim. Conduct information content of the «Database of Clinical Trials of Medicines» for relevant in preferential drugs provision: cerebrolysin there is no international non-proprietary name; piracetam; livestock cortex polypeptides; citicoline and create recommendations on the use of nootropics.Materials and methods. Search and analysis of the results of clinical trials, systematic Reviews and meta-analysis was carried out in the international databases PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Collaboration, followed by entering into the electronic resource «Database of Clinical Trials of Medicines» for nootropics.Results. Nootropics have a positive effect mainly on the studied «surrogate» outcomes (improving the clinical condition of patients), without significantly affecting clinical outcomes (reducing the number of adverse outcomes and mortality) in severe neurological pathology.Conclusion. Service «Database of Clinical Trials of Drugs» for use by healthcare professionals and recommendations on the use of nootropics can apply for rational drugs prescription in preferential drugs provision.
Nitric oxide synthase of the bronchial epithelium and concentrations of nitric oxide metabolites (NO(2)(-)and NO(3)(-)) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids were measured in rats with bronchial asthma after fenoterol inhalation. It was suggested that nitric oxide-ergic mechanisms can mediate the effects of inhaled beta(2)-adrenergic agonists.
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