Economic security qualitatively characterizes the economic system, determining its ability to maintain normal conditions for the functioning of the population, the constant provision of resources for the development of the national economy, and the consistent protection of national interests. Due to the development of contradictions both within the region and beyond, there are threats to the economic security of the region. Threats affect local economic processes, causing imbalance in the regional economy, and thus contributing to the loss of control over the stages of reproduction of the aggregate social product. To select the optimal methodology for assessing the level of economic security in the region, the authors conducted a comparative analysis of existing methods, identifying their advantages and disadvantages. An assessment of the current state of the economic security of the Central Black Earth region was carried out using the provisions of the D.V. Tretyakov’s methodology, which showed a fairly high level of economic security of all areas included in the region. The analysis of the main indicators of the Central Black Earth region development, carried out by the authors with the help of “zone theory”, made it possible to identify the main threats: a high level of property differentiation of the population; low spending on health and culture; low level of expenses for education and support of scientific potential and innovation activity; high dependence of the economy on imports; high mortality rates of the population, including infants; insufficient growth of industrial production; high growth rate of consumer prices. Based on the results of the analysis, the authors proposed recommendations for neutralizing threats and improving the economic security of the Central Black Earth region.
The article deals with the features of innovationoriented development of regional economies. It leads to the appearance of preferences in the economy and society formation. Regional development creates the basis for growth of economic potential in the sphere of entrepreneurship development, optimization of infrastructure and introduction of innovations. At the same time, the increase of the state influence on the economy contributes to the fall of investments in the regions, reduces the development of the banking system, etc. In order to overcome the protracted economic crisis in the country and the regions, the authors propose to intensify the development and introduction of high technologies by removing administrative barriers in the sphere of entrepreneurial activity, expanding the technoparks, creating the necessary conditions for the optimization of the centers for issuing patents and permits that meet international standards. Factors hampering the development of regions, as well as tasks in the field of competitive development of regions are considered. It is proposed to synchronize investment and innovation plans for the development of regions with the long-term development strategy of the Russian Federation, taking into account the innovation infrastructure.
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