Aim.The analysis of causes of deterioration epidemiological situation on Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in the Russian Federation in 2016. Materials and methods. Data of statistical documentation of Departments of Rospotrebnadzor, Centers of Hygiene and Epidemiology in subjects of the Russian Federation, Plague Control Research Institutions and Anti-Plague stations from 8 subjects of the Southern and 7 subjects of the North-Caucasian Federal Districts were used. The findings have been treated using by Excel program. Results. In 2016, epidemiological manifestations of CCHF are identified on the territory of 6 subjects of the south of Russia. An increase in the incidence of CC H F occurred in the Stavropol Territory, the Republic of Kalmykia, Astrakhan and Volgograd Regions. The main cause of the deterioration epidemiological situation on CCHF was increasing of the number and the period of activity of ticks marginatum, in the epidemic season as a result of favorable climatic conditions; incorrect dates of the realization and inadequacy of the acaricide treatments livestock and natural biotopes. Conclusion. For the improvement epidemiological situation on CCHF timely realization of the acaricide treatments in the early spring (March-April) livestock and natural biotopes using effective insecticides and with its further entomological control it is necessary.
An analysis of trends in the development of situation on brucellosis in the world over past decade and the data on the main risk factors for the occurrence of epidemiological complications regarding this infection in various regions of the world are provided in the paper. An expert assessment of the current epizootiological and epidemiological situation on brucellosis, the coverage of population and animals with immunization in the Russian Federation is given. Over 9 months of 2021, 210 potentially hazardous as regards brucellosis in cattle areas and 24 sites – as regards brucellosis in small ruminants – were registered in Russia. Compared to the same period in 2020, there was a decrease in the number of newly identified hazardous sites for bovine brucellosis by 35.8 % (117 areas). However, long-term upward trend in epizootiological adversity for bovine brucellosis in Russia persists. The epidemiological situation on brucellosis in the country for the period of 2012–2021 is characterized as unfavorable. Decrease in the number of newly detected human brucellosis cases (by 25.1 % of long-term average values) is observed against the background of persistent unfavorable epizootic conditions for brucellosis among epidemiologically significant species of small ruminants and cattle in regions with developed animal husbandry. In 2021, clusters of human cases were registered in the Republic of Dagestan and Penza Region. In the Republic of Dagestan, against the background of aggravation of epizootiological and epidemiological situation on brucellosis, there was also an alarming trend towards prevalence of a relatively high incidence among minors. The proportion of cases of brucellosis among children under the age of 17 in the Republic amounted to 60.3 % of the total number of minors with newly diagnosed brucellosis in Russia over the past 10 years. Taking into account current epizootic, epidemic situations and the long-term dynamics of the development of situation on brucellosis in the Russian Federation, the incidence of brucellosis among the population is predicted to be 10–15 % lower than the average long-term values – 0.18–0.20 per 100000 of the population – in 2022. The number of human cases of brucellosis can range from 250 to 300.
Objective – analysis of epizootiological manifestations of natural focal infections in the territory of the south of the European part of the Russian Federation in 2017.Materials and methods. Statistical documentation data from the Rospotrebnadzor Administrations, Centers of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, and Plague Control Research Institutes and Stations were used. The information was processed using Microsoft Excel 2010 software.Results and discussion. Epizootiological survey for 19 nosological forms of natural focal infections in the territory of the south of the European part of the Russian Federation was conducted. The total of 70155 samples of field material was tested; markers of 14 pathogens of natural focal infections were identified. The circulation of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus was revealed in 11 constituent entities, tularemia and Lyme borreliosis pathogens – in 8 entities, West Nile virus – in 7. Markers of leptospirosis, Q fever, human granulocytic anaplasmosis and human monocytic ehrlichiosis pathogens were detected in 6 constituent entities, markers of the agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome – in 5 entities; markers of intestinal yersiniosis pathogen – in 3 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, pathogens of tick spotted fevers group, tick-borne viral encephalitis and pseudotuberculosis – in 2. The circulation of the virus Sindbis was identified in the Rostov Region.
В статье приводятся данные о заболеваемости природно-очаговыми инфекционными болезнями и результатах эпизоотологического мониторинга в районе проведения XXII Олимпийских и XI Паралимпийских зимних игр 2014 г. в Сочи. Показано, что в инфекционной заболеваемости значимы: геморрагическая лихорадка с почечным синдромом, иксодовые клещевые боррелиозы, псевдотуберкулез, кишечный иерсиниоз, лептоспирозы, бешенство, риккетсиозы, туляремия. Представлены сведения об особенностях ряда региональных штаммов-патогенов. Отмечено, что комплекс мероприятий, выполненный органами и учреждениями Роспотребнадзора, администрацией Краснодарского края и города-курорта Сочи, позволил стабилизировать ситуацию по природно-очаговым инфекциям. Ключевые слова: природно-очаговые инфекции, олимпийские игры, биологические угрозы, эпидемиологический надзор, биологическая безопасность, эпизоотологический мониторинг.
Analysis of dynamics of brucellosis incidence among humans and animals in the Russian Federation is presented. Evaluation of epizootiological and epidemiological situation on brucellosis in the Russian Federation in 2006-2010 is given. Epizootiological and epidemiological situation on brucellosis was demonstrated to be unfavorable in a number of Federal Districts that allows to predict the increase of its incidence among farm animals and humans.
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