Two cases of a large fungal ball of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity are presented and its removal via an endoscopic approach is detailed. The clinical symptoms of the fungal body of the paranasal sinuses are not specific. With one-sided localization and large sizes of fungal bodies, they must be differentiated from neoplasms. The most informative non-invasive diagnostic method is computed tomography. We are presenting two cases of giant fungal bodies of the paranasal sinuses and identified specific CT signs.
Nasal septal perforation (NSP) remains a problem, and treatment of it is still controversial. NSP leads not only to disturbances in the NC aerodynamics, but also to disturbances in warming and moistening of the inhaled air. By using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, we evaluate disturbances in warming and moistening of the inhaled air in cases of NSP. We emphasize that an adverse effect of NSP begins with a disorder of air heating and moisturizing, and believe that a NSP must and can be closed as early as it is possible.
This article summarizes the results of computer simulation of the air flows in the nasal cavity and the maxillary sinus by the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The objective of the study was to apply the method of computational aerodynamics to simulate the air flows in the nasal cavity and the maxillary sinus under the normal conditions and after the surgical interventions on the middle nasal meatus. The normal air space of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses was simulated and the computer modeling of the main options for the surgical approach to the maxillary sinus through the middle nasal meatus was performed including balloon sinuplasty, functional endoscopic sinus surgery, and uncinate process mobilization. The study has demonstrated the increase of the air flow velocity in the maxillary sinus after computer-assisted balloon sinuplasty. The computer simulation of functional endoscopic sinus surgery including the removal of the uncinated process revealed the mass exchange between the maxillary sinus and the nasal cavity.
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