The main feature of Fiber Bragg Gratings is that they perform a direct transformation of measured parameter into a shift in the center Bragg wavelength. This paper presents a possibility for extraction FBGs peak wavelength from spectra with high influence of noise by using wavelet transform. Spectra of tested FBG were measured in 20 points with different extending force applied to tested sample. Wavelet transform and various methods of center Bragg wavelength detection are jointly applied to improve wavelength detection accuracy. Experiment results shows that application of appropriate digital signal processing algorithms for denoising FBG spectra could greatly improve accuracy and linearity of fiber sensor processing characteristics.Streszczenie. Najważniejszą właściwością światłowodowych siatek Bragga (Fiber Bragg Gratings) jest liniowe przetwarzanie zmian mierzonej temperatury bądź odkształcenia na przesunięcie centralnej fali. Artykuł ten prezentuje możliwości wyznaczenia długości fali Bragga z widm silnie zaszumionych przy zastosowaniu transformaty Falkowej .Spectra rejestrowano w 20 punktach o różnych wartościach siły rozciągającej próbkę. Transformacja Falkowa oraz różne algorytmy wyszukiwania centralnej fali Bragga zostały zastosowane jednocześnie dla uzyskania poprawy precyzji wykreślania charakterystyki przetwarzania elementu mierzącego. Wyniki eksperymentu wskazują, że zastosowanie odpowiednich algorytmów cyfrowego przetwarzania sygnałów do widm FBG może w dużym stopniu poprawić dokładność wyznaczania charakterystyki przetwarzania światłowodowego czujnika. Poprawa dokładności demodulacji światłowodowych siatek Bragga dzięki użyciu transformaty falkowej i algorytmów detekcji centralnej długości fali Słowa kluczowe: Siatka Bragga, długość fali Bragga, transformata falkowa, czujnik naprężenia.
Road infrastructure is a key public asset because it benefits the social and economic development of any country. It plays an important role in the development of the industrial complex and the production sector, and the surfaces of transport roads should be of high quality and have a long service life. Road infrastructure, like all infrastructure, requires preservation, maintenance and repair. There are special requirements for roadways that must be observed during construction or repair. The uncertainty of the composition, temperature sensitivity and viscoelastic characteristics of road materials make the structural analysis of pavement very difficult compared to other civil structures, such as bridges, tunnels and buildings. For this reason, the question of how to improve fiber sensors based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) arose. The novelty of this study is to modernize fiber sensors based on FBG so that they display deformation, stress and displacement, temperature and other parameters with much greater accuracy, which would provide a reliable scientific basis for modifying the theory, as well as the use of a fiber sensor based on FBG for simultaneous measurement of deformation and temperature when monitoring the road surface. This article is devoted to a detailed study of the use of fiber-optic sensors (FOS) based on fiber Bragg grating for road surface monitoring. Such a fiber sensor, consisting of a fiber Bragg grating and a pair of grids, can offer the possibility of simultaneous measurement of deformation and temperature for monitoring the pavement. Temperature and deformation measurements were carried out by installing a sensor on the surface of a made asphalt sample. The built-in fiber sensor based on FBG provides important information about how the pavement structure can withstand the load and subsidence of soil and implement road safety and stability measures in a timely manner to evaluate and predict the service life of the pavement. The results of the study showed that the synchronicity, repeatability and linearity of the characteristics of the fiber sensor are excellent. The difference between the experimental and theoretical results was about 7%. Thus, based on the results of the obtained data, the fiber sensor on the FBG can be used for monitoring and designing road surfaces and in general transport infrastructure.
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