Relevance. The choice of forms and types of preparations for presowing seed treatment, as well as growth regulators is important for the development and level of crop yields. Therefore, the search and application of effective and safe means for seed treatment is an urgent task. Methods. The vegetation experiment was laid in 2018–2020 on oats and barley in 5 kg Wagner vessels. Seeds of cultures before sowing were soaked in suspensions of sapropel and biohumus in the usual form and ultrafine form, obtained by ultrasound dispersion in deionized water. Harvest accounting – in the phase of full ripeness of crops from all plants in the vessel. Qualitative analysis of plant samples was carried out on devices in accordance with the established state standards. Results. In the experiment with oats, the maximum significant increase in grain was obtained in the variant with seed treatment with an ultrafine form of biohumus – 17.8% compared to the background, in the variant with ultrafine sapropel – 9.6 %. In the 2019 experiment with barley, the yield increased by 12.0 (treatment with sapropel) and 11.5 % (treatment with biohumus) compared to the background, when using ultrafine forms – by 34.8 % and 29.8 % respectively. In 2020, the yield increase when using usual form was 15 and 21.0 %, ultrafine form – 21.3 and 28.0 % respectively. The content of ash, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in oat grain increased by 7.2; 4.8; 20.5 and 14.3 % respectively, reaching a maximum with the usage of ultrafine form. In the 2019 experiment with barley, the ash content increased by 16.1 %, nitrogen – by 27.7 %, protein – by 16.4–18.3 %, phosphorus and potassium – by 12.6 and 28.3 % respectively. In 2020, the ash content was the highest among all variants and increased by 11.3 %, phosphorus – by 13.6 %, and nitrogen – by 1.75–1.95 %. The protein content in the grain was 10.3–10.7 %, potassium – up to 7 %.
Учредитель и издатель: Founder and editor: ФГБОУ ВО «Казанская государственная академия ветеринарной медицины имени Н.Э. Баумана» (ФГБОУ ВО Казанская ГАВМ) FSBEI HE «Kazan Bauman State Academy of Veterinary Medicine»(FSBEI HE KSAVM) Печатается по решению редакционной коллегии Казанской государственной академии ветеринарной медицины им. Н.Э. Баумана от 5 Декабря 2019 г
The article presents the results of vegetation studies on dusting the seeds of agricultural crops with zeolite. The experiment used seeds of spring wheat variety Ulyanovskaya-105 and mechanically activated zeolite of the Tatar-Shatrashansk deposit of the Republic of Tatarstan. The activated zeolite was obtained by mechanical activation using a crushing and screening plant at OAO Zeolites of the Volga Region, the particle size is 0.20 mm. The effect of dusting seeds with zeolite in various doses (25 kg/t, 50 kg/t, 75 kg/t, and 100 kg/t) on the growth and development of spring wheat plants, as well as on the quality indicators of grain, has been evaluated. The results revealed a positive effect of agro mineral on such parameters as seed germination (increase by 2.0–12.0%), chlorophyll content in plants in the tillering phase (by 7.4–33.3%), as well as on morphometric and biochemical parameters - plant height (by 2.5% -10.1%), the number of grains in the ear (by 7.7%), plant biomass (by 1.7% -7.9%) and the protein content in the grain (by 0.6-4.2%).
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