Issues concerned with the energy conversion of exothermal heterophase processes are discussed using the physico-chemical interaction between ZrO 2-Y 2 O 3 (3 mol %) nanopowder system and atmospheric moisture as an example. The electrical properties of an experimental sample are investigated upon moisture saturation in the case of a molecular-flow density gradient. A probable mechanism for the effect based on the theory of contact phenomena in semiconductors is proposed. The idea of developing chemical-electric converters fabricated from nanoscale materials with dielectric conduction is suggested.
In the present paper the sintering behavior of 3 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (3Y-TZP) with and without small amount (0.2 wt %) of SiO2 additive was investigated. It has been studied the silica impact which was added in two ways (co-precipitation and mechanical mixing) on sintering kinetics of 3Y-TZP nanopowders at the initial sintering stage. It was found the silica additive leads to the changing in the predominant sintering mechanism at the initial sintering stage from volume (VD) to the grain boundary diffusion (GBD) in nanopowders obtained by co-precipitation. It was shown that the way of silica addition also significantly influence the sintering kinetics of 3Y-TZP. In case of nanopowders with silica additive obtained by mixing method, sintering process occurred due to the predominance of VD mechanism. It was found that the silica additive and the mechanical activation leads to the acceleration of the sintering process.
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