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Fierce rivalry in the transport market raises serious reassessment and implementation of new approaches to logistics companies and trade enterprises in marketing of goods. To maintain the volume of domestic sales and output to the external one, producers and trading firms are forced to expand their trade and economic relations that occur in other regions. The integration of the world economy and policy orientation of foreign trade to free trade greatly simplify the task of setting up the free trade and economic connections, but the question is how quickly and efficiently, with the least costs, it is necessary to put the goods in the right region to the customer.In modern market conditions, international container transportation of goods between Ukraine and the European Union countries has a prospect of development, as each year the number of orders in transport and logistics enterprises increases. After analyzing the status of orders, the problem has been detected and widely connected with the method of organization of container cargo delivery in international communication and the formation of rational technology of serviced. To solve this problem a method of logistic approach to the system of containers transportation has been proposed based on the cybernetic model „white box“. The initial stage of its implementation involves formation of the limitation system of input parameters and factors that are consistent with the needs of the customer firm and the company performing transportation. Ten alternative order services schemes, each of which takes into account the possible combinations of operations, has been proposed.Based on the company „Inter Trans Logistic“, which serviced the order of the company „Agricultural Holding August“ for the transportation of rape seeds, 10 tons of corn on demand and a portion of sunflower oil 20,000 liters, according to their applications for transportation, a logistic approach using a cybernetic model „white box“ has been implemented. Based on the mathematical models of changes in the total costs of the international container cargo shipping company of the customer, it has been shown that the maximum expenses are occurring in the implementation of the scheme 1 service order. In that case, the costs have been in the range of 848.72 to 7455.41 US $, according to a certain series of experiments. Based on the condition of the minimum cost function for container transportation, scheme 1 has been chosen as limiting scheme of service order against which the assessment carried out changes of the total costs in the implementation of other schemes. In percentage display according to Scheme 1, the following percentage intervals have been deducted for the reduction of sales costs: Scheme 2 - 12.70 to 34.98%; Scheme 3 - 2.93 to 12.00%; Scheme 4 - 2.06 to 10.88%; Scheme 5 - 1.69 to 4.25%; Scheme 6 - 0.87 to 3.28%; scheme7 - 0.97 to 2.58%; Scheme 8 - 1.64 to 4.45%; Scheme 9 - 2.66 to 11.77%; scheme 10 - 2.33 to 9.94%.The results of experimental studies indicate that when the proposed methodology of the logistic approach, using the „white box“ based on the company „Inter Trans Logistic“ to international container transportation of goods in relation to the application of the company „Agricultural Holding August“ for transportation, the scheme 2 sequence of transport operations has been effective. In its realization the costs for 12.70 to 34.98% has been decreased in comparison with the marginal service scheme.

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The failure of the cutting elements of farm machinery is due to the blunting of cutting edges (increase of their radius) till the limit values. The most effective method for increasing the wear resistance of farm machinery is the realization of self-sharpening effect of the cutting elements. The testings took place in laboratory and field at the State Technical University of Kirovograd (Ukraine) in 2015. The technical equipment consists of the consolidated farmer plowshares by different methods as well as their samples, devices for measuring the wear resistance and thumbprint plowshares. It was determined the resistance to wear, the radius of curvature and the changing coefficient of the blades shape. The self-sharpening process was examined throughout the experiment. The results showed that the consolidated plowshares by the proposed technology (laser welding of the mixture (PS-14-60 + 6% В4С) compared to the traditional technology (volumetric heat treatment) have a blade radius 2.5 times lower, a wear 2.2 to 2.78 times lower and the self-sharpening process of the plowshares has been observed since the beginning of the wear until the time limit operation. The changing shape coefficient was respectively of 0.98 for the consolidated plowshares with alloy PS-14-60 + 6% B4C and 0.82 for those consolidated by volumetric heat treatment.

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Дослiджено структуру композитiв на основi системи NbC з мiдною зв'язкою, отриманих шляхом просочування металевим розплавом пористих NbC карбiдних каркасiв у вакуумi. З метою отримання пористого каркасу порошокNbC iз середнiми розмiром ~1 мкм замiшували на 5 %-ному розчинi каучуку в бензинi. Пiсля сушiння сумiш перетирали на ситi у гранули, якi пресували у брикети розмiрами 55×30×10 мм. Для забезпечення iнтенсифiкацiї процесу та змочуваностi просочування проводилось за температури 1400 °C. У результатi було отримано матерiал iз дрiбнозернистою двофазовою структурою. Дослiдження мiкроструктури проводили методом скануючої електронної мiкроскопiї (SEM), хiмiчного складу -методом енергодисперсiйного аналiзу (EDS). Твердiсть вимiрювали за Роквеллом (шкала С), трiщиностiйкiсть за непрямим методом Еванса-Чарльза. Структура композиту складається iз округлих зерен NbC, якi утворюють неперервний скелет та прошаркiв мiдної зв'язки. Середнiй розмiр зерен та мiжзернових прошаркiв зв'язки становить 1,8 мкм та 1,1 мкм, вiдповiдно. Аналiз зони взаємодiї мiж NbC та Cu методом EDS дозволив встановити присутнiсть дифузiйної зони товщиною 0,5 мкм, яка утворюється внаслiдок перерозподiлу Nb та Cu шляхом обмеженої розчинностi. Наявнiсть дифузiйної зони дозволяє забезпечити мiцний зв'язок мiж фазами та, вiдповiдно, високий рiвень механiчних властивостей. Твердiсть та трiщиностiйкiсть отриманого матерiалу становлять 40 HRC та 24 МПа×м 1/2 ,вiдповiдно. Враховуючи фазовий склад та властивостi розробленого композиту, його рекомендується застосовувати як альтернативний до композитiв системи WC-Cu у виглядi монолiтного матерiалу або покриттiв. Покриття наносили методом електроiскрового легування iз використанням ручної установки МП-ЭЛ2. Товщина покриття становить 30 мкм, мiкротвердiсть ~500 МПа, а коефiцiєнт тертя по сталi без змащування 0,04. Розробленi матерiали рекомендуються для застосування в парах тертя у виглядi монолiтного матерiалу або покриттiв антифрикцiйного призначення Ключовi слова: керамiко-металiчнi матерiали, матрично-армована структура, триботехнiчнi характеристики, електроiскрове легування, антифрикцiйнi покриття