Contents 2 Electron wave functions in a given potential 2.1 Description of electron states in a spherical average atom cell. .. 2.1.1 Classification of electron states within the average atom cell 2.1.2 Model of an atom with average occupation numbers. .. . 2.1.3 Derivation of the expression for the electron density by means of the semiclassical approximation for wave functions. .

The effect of strong thermal radiation on the structure of quasi-stationary laser ablation fronts is investigated under the assumption that all the laser flux is absorbed at the critical surface. Special attention is paid to adequate formulation of the boundary-value problem for a steady-state planar ablation flow. The dependence of the laser-to-x-ray conversion efficiency / r on the laser intensity I L and wavelength k L is analyzed within the non-equilibrium diffusion approximation for radiation transfer. The scaling of the main ablation parameters with I L and k L in the strongly radiative regime 1 À / r ( 1 is derived. It is demonstrated that strongly radiating ablation fronts develop a characteristic extended cushion of "radiation-soaked" plasma between the condensed ablated material and the critical surface, which can efficiently suppress perturbations from the instabilities at the critical surface. V C 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx.

No abstract

The 2-D computational code Z* is used to simulate physical phenomena in hollow cathode triggered lowpressure capillary discharge at different phases of the process: electron beam generation, formation of a channel by ionization wave, and discharge dynamics together with ionization kinetics and plasma emission, particularly in EUV band interesting for applications. Runaway electrons in gas-filled capillary discharge with hollow cathode play an important role both in ionization wave propagation, and in ionization of multicharged ions in discharge plasma. The electron beam prepares a tight ionized channel. The fast electrons shift the ionization equilibrium in discharge plasma increasing the EUV emission from relatively low-temperature plasma of argon or xenon. At ionization wave stage, the electron flow is simulated in electron-hydrodynamic model. At discharge stage, the plasma is described by the radiative magnetohydrodynamics with ionization kinetics and radiation transfer.

No abstract

No abstract

The irradiation of thin films by intensive subpicosecond laser pulses with nanosecond prepulse is accompanied by a number of various physical processes. The laser beam transmissions through the film as well as the re-emission flux on both sides of the film plasma have been evaluated by simulation for Al and CH2 materials. It has been demonstrated that the thickness of the film can be chosen to cut off the long nanosecond prepulse whereas the main pulse is transmitted through the plasma. Thus, thin films can be useful for the laser contrast improvement in experiments with different targets.Nevertheless, the laser energy transformation into the soft X-ray radiation on the back side of the shielding film plasma can reach up to 7% of the incident intensity for the Al film and result in strong preheating of the target. At the same time the re-emission flux produced by a CH2 film is an order lower than that in the case of Al film. The shielding of an Ag bulk target by Al and CH2 films is simulated and discussed.

No abstract