Introduction . The appearance of high-quality and effective generics can significantly reduce the cost of health care for the drug supply of the population of Russia. According to expert estimates, the cost of treatment of cancer patients with generics of domestic can be 30– 40 % cheaper as compared to the original drugs. In Russia the pharmaceutical production company “Ozon” created by the domestic analogue of the original anticancer drug hydrea – hydroxycarbamide.Objective: comparative study of chronic toxicity of the drug hydroxycarbamide (“Ozon”, Russia) and registered reference drug hydrea (Corden Pharma Latina S. p. A., Italy) on rats.Materials and methods . A comparative study of the toxicity of drugs was carried out on 70 non-inbred white male rats weighing 220– 250 g obtained from the accredited laboratory animal nursery of LLC “Krolinfo”. Both drugs were administered in parallel daily orally 5-fold in 3 doses. As a solvent, 1 % starch paste was used. Doses were calculated according to the literature data on the basis of maximum tolerated dose. Standard methods of evaluation of chronic toxicity of drugs in rats were used.Results . The obtained data on chronic toxicity of the compared forms of the domestic drug hydroxycarbamide and the reference drug hydrea do not differ significantly in terms of quantitative and qualitative toxicity (lethality, biomarkers of toxicity, morphometry of organs). Conclusion . The compared generic and commercial preparations are practically equitoxic by 5 times oral administration to rats.
Результаты. В результате изучения острой токсичности на мышах и крысах-самках и самцах-при введении ЦФ в максимально возможной концентрации и максимально возможных объемах препарат не вызывал гибели животных, не оказывал влияния на общее состояние животных, не вызывал внешних проявлений токсичности, не изменял поведенческие реакции животных. При изучении хронической токсичности ЦФ на крысах и собаках при ежедневном пероральном применении в течение 15 дней во всех исследованных дозах также не наблюдалось гибели животных, препарат не вызывал каких-либо внешних проявлений токсичности. Лимитирующий вид токсичности не установлен, так как препарат вызывает незначительные морфофункциональные изменения различной степени обратимости практически во всех органах и системах организма крыс и собак. На основании полученных на экспериментальных животных данных о функциональных и морфологических изменениях в органах и тканях показано, что самки более чувствительны к препарату, чем самцы. Заключение. С учетом функциональных и морфологических изменений во внутренних органах как крыс, так и собак изученные дозы ЦФ охарактеризованы как дозы, вызывающие слабые незначительные изменения-низкие токсические дозы. На основании анализа данных определена начальная (стартовая) безопасная доза для человека на I фазу клинических испытаний, которая проводится в настоящее время.
Введение. В ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России проведены доклинические токсикологические исследования лиофилизированной лекарственной формы ормустина (Ормустин)-нового противоопухолевого препарата из класса нитрозоалкилмочевин. В работе представлены результаты изучения субхронической токсичности Ормустина на крысах. Цель исследования-изучение субхронической токсичности Ормустина на крысах при ежедневном 3-кратном внутривенном введении. Материалы и методы. Исследование проведено на 40 неинбредных крысах-самцах. Ормустин вводили внутривенно ежедневно 3-кратно в суммарных дозах 300, 200 и 100 мг/кг. Срок наблюдения-45 сут. На протяжении всего срока наблюдения проводили необходимые клинико-лабораторные исследования. Для изучения повреждающего действия Ормустина на органы и ткани проводили патоморфологическое исследование на 3-и и 45-е сутки наблюдения. Результаты. Установлено, что Ормустин при многократном применении у крыс в 3 исследованных дозах обладает гемато-, нефро-, кардио-и гастроинтестинальной токсичностью. Глубина и степень повреждений, а также их обратимость зависят от величины примененной дозы Ормустина. Выводы. На основании полученных данных определены уровни токсических доз Ормустина, а именно: суммарная доза 300 мг/кг охарактеризована как высокая токсическая доза, суммарные дозы 200 и 100 мг/кг-как низкие токсические дозы. Это позволило рекомендовать Ормустин для дальнейшего исследования.
Introduction.The development of high-quality domestic reproduced dosage form of сisplatin is necessary to improve the treatment conditions of cancer patients.Purpose of research.Comparative preclinical study of acute toxicity of newly developed in SIC Oncology reproduced dosage form Cisplatin-RONC® with commercial preparation Cisplatin-Teva.Materials and methods.The standard methods of estimation of acute toxicity of preparations on small laboratory rodents are used.Results.Acute toxicity of the compared forms of cisplatin is not significantly different from the effect on the survival and body weight of experimental animals.Summary.Compared generic and commercial formulations cisplatin almost equitoxic after a single intravenous administration to mice and rats.
Введение. В Национальном медицинском исследовательском центре онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина проведены доклинические токсикологические исследования ормустина-нового противоопухолевого препарата из класса нитрозоалкилмочевин. В работе представлены результаты изучения субхронической токсичности ормустина на собаках. Цель исследования-изучение субхронической токсичности ормустина на собаках при ежедневном 3-кратном внутривенном введении.
Introduction At the national medical research center of оncology N.N. Blokhin preclinical toxicological studies of a lyophilized dosage form of a drug based on acadesin, a new antitumor drug, were conducted. The aim of the study to study the subchronic toxicity of the drug on the basis of acadesine in rats to evaluate its toxicity. Materials and methods The study was conducted on 40 noninbred male mongrel rats. The drug was administered intraperitoneal daily 15-fold in total doses of 750, 1150 and 2300 mg/kg. Clinical and laboratory tests were performed during the entire observation period (30 days). The pathomorphological study was performed on the 1st and 30 th day of observation. Results It was found that the drug based on acadesin, when applied repeatedly to rats in all the studied doses, did not cause changes in the indicators of peripheral blood of animals, morphological changes in all the studied organs and tissues of animals (except the kidneys), functional changes in the state of the liver, heart, kidneys and gastrointestinal tract. However, morphologically revealed changes in the kidneys when using the drug in the total dose of 1150 mg/kg on the 1st and 30 th day of observation, and in the total dose of 2300 mg/kg only on the 30 th day of observation. Conclusion The detected toxic effect of the drug based on acadesin on the kidneys of rats is dose-dependent. When using the drug in the course of the course at a total dose of 750 mg/kg, which is 60 times higher than the single therapeutic dose for rats (12.5 mg/kg), toxic manifestations were completely absent during the entire period of observation. This allowed us to recommend a drug based on acadesin for further research.
Introduction . In accordance with Russian Federal Program of import substitution of foreign medicines replacement for high-quality Russian drugs in Russia reproduced нydroxycarbamide (HC), which passed preclinical toxicological and pathomorphological testing in comparison with hydrea (HD), producted by Italy.The aim . The aim of present study was the comparative evaluation of HC and HD effect on the internal organs of rats for the clearing up of their identity according to the morphological criterions. Materials and methods. 70 non-inbred male rats, by 10 rats per group, were used. HC and HD were administered to rats oral daily for 5 days in the same total doses correspond with to the 2, 1 and 1 / 2 maximum tolerated dose. In the same regime control rats were oral administered with 1 % starch paste solution. Of animals were removed from the experience on days 3 and 30 after the end of the administration of the drugs. The macroscopic and histological examination of internal organs were perform by routine methods, including fixation of the material in 10 % formalin and staining of sections with hematoxylin and eosin. The histological preparations of the internal organs was analyzed in the light microscope at magnifications of 100, 400, 1000. Results . HС, as well as HD, in total doses of 3000 and 1500 mg / kg at the 3 day after the end of the introduction caused different degrees of similar morphological changes in rat internal organs: moderate hypoplasia in the thymus, bone marrow and spleen, destructive and inflammatory changes in the stomach, duodenum and kidney. At the 30 day after the application of both drugs morphological changes in the thymus, the bone marrow and the spleen disappeared completely, residual morphological changes persisted in the duodenum and kidneys; in the testes of rats – moderate atrophic changes. HС, as well as HD in total dose 750 mg / kg did not cause changes in the internal organs of the rats. Conclusion . Based on the results of macroscopic and histological examination the conclusion about of the identity of the influence of HC and HD on the internal organs of rats was made.
Introduction.This article presents a fragment of a preclinical toxicological study of a new Russian anticancer drug derived from n-glycoside indolokarbazole LCS-1208 – study of cardiotoxicity, which is one of the specific complications of anticancer chemotherapy.Objective.Preclinical toxicological study of the effect of the drug LCS-1208 on the cardiovascular system of animals to assess its cardiotoxic effects.Materials and methods.Studies were conducted on 40 healthy non-harmless mongrel male rats and 4 dogs Beagle, male and female. The drug was administered daily 15 times to rats-intraperitoneal in total doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg; to dogs – intravenously in total doses of 20 and 30 mg/kg. The period of observation of rats was 30 days, for dogs was 60 days. Changes in electrocardiogram indices, macroscopic and histological picture of heart changes and changes in biochemical parameters of enzymes activity – lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase were evaluated.Results.In rats LCS-1208 throughout the period of observation caused functional changes in electrocardiogram: increase in PQ and QT intervals and cardiac rhythm disturbance (loss of R wave), which indicates a violation of electrical conductivity. Morphological changes in the heart muscle were detected on the 3rd day of observation in total doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg, which remained until 30 days of observation only in animals receiving the drug in the total dose of 200 mg/kg. In some dogs for different periods of observation the drug caused functional changes in the electrical activity of the heart: an increase in the QRS interval, the inversion of the T wave, the appearance of a deep Q wave and an increase in the activity of lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase compared to back ground indicators. Morphological changes in the heart muscle were detected on the 3rd day of observation only in the total dose of 30 mg/kg, which persisted up to 60 days of observation.Conclusion.It was found that the new Russian anticancer drug LHC-1208, a derivative of indocarbazole N-glycoside, has a cardiotoxic effect, causing functional changes in the cardiovascular system of rats in all doses studied, and in dogs only in the maximum dose. Morphologically, cardiotoxicity is not confirmed in animals receiving a minimal dose of the drug, but only in animals receiving the maximum dose of the drug.
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