The aim of the research was to assess the age variability of anthropometric parameters in schoolchildren of the city of Gomel examined with a 40-year interval. The authors of the article examined schoolchildren of secondary schools in Gomel. Over 2010-2012 the complex cross-sectional morphometrical examination was carried out on schoolchildren aged of 8-16 years without any significant health problems in the city of Gomel (a total of 3105, out of them there were 1452 boys and 1653 girls). The somatometrical program included body length and mass, chest circumference parameters. The absolute and relative parameters of their annual increases were calculated in schoolchildren, which made it possible to determine the periods of their relative acceleration and deceleration indices. The anthropometric data on schoolchildren of the city of Gomel obtained by V.Ya.Leontyev in 1973 and A.I. Kienya, V.A. Melnik over 1994-1996 were used for comparison. The comparative analysis of the gender and age dynamics of morphometric indices in schoolchildren of the city of Gomel aged of 8-16 years in 1973 and over 2010-2012 revealed the processes of acceleration (increase of body length and mass) in boys and asthenization (increase of body length and decrease of body mass) in girls at the beginning of the XXI century. The indices of the chest circumference before and after puberty period in the contemporary school boys and girls were lower, but in the puberty period being higher than in schoolchildren of the same age examined forty years ago. The authors developed, published and put into both practical public health of Belarus and educational process the Tables for the assessment of physical development of schoolchildren of the city of Gomel.
The aim of the research was to study the dynamics of the somatometric parameters of city school children aged 8-16 over the period from 1925 to 2010–2012. Over 2010–2012 we performed the anthropological examination (body length and body mass, chest circumference) of the city school children of Gomel aged 8-16 (1 329 boys and 1 490 girls). The data obtained by other researchers in 1925 and 1973 were used for the assessment of the dynamics over time. It has been found that city school children at the beginning of the 21st century were characterized by higher rates of development of the somatometric parameters in comparison with their peers of 1925 and 1973. Sex dimorphism during the process of acceleration was revealed in the increased body length and body mass in boys and asthenization (increased body length and decreased body mass) in girls. The parameters of chest circumference in the examined boys and girls at the beginning of the 21st century were considerably higher in comparison with their peers of 1925. The total growth rate of body length within the studied age range in the examined boys and girls was higher in comparison with the data as of 1925 and 1973, and the total growth rate of the parameters of body mass and chest circumference was higher in the examined boys and girls compared to their peers examined in 1925 and 2010–2012. The school children of the city of Gomel at the beginning of the 21st century revealed acceleration of development of somatometric parameters in comparison with their peers of 1925 and 1973.
The performed analytical review of literature on constitutional features of the formation of morphological status in the peripubertal period of ontogenesis has found that somatometric indicators of schoolchildren living in different urban-ecological conditions statistically significantly differ but the identified trends in the physical development of children and adolescents are often contradictory. There is lack of synthesizing data that characterize the somatic status of different body type representatives among urban schoolchildren in Belarus, although these data are important for the assessment of the health status of children cohorts.
In the review the present-day conceptions of authors from our country as well as foreign authors about the regularities of forming of morphological status at the ascending phase of ontogenesis at the boundary of the 20th and 21st centuries have been presented. The realized analysis of literature will allow to broaden the knowledge about the influence of ecologically unfavorable factors coupled with social and psychological factors on the growing generation`s health condition.
Дата доступа: 20.03.2017. 12. Fractalkine (CX3CL1) as an amplification circuit of polarized Th1 responses / P. Fraticelli [et al.] //
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