The aim of the research was to assess the age variability of anthropometric parameters in schoolchildren of the city of Gomel examined with a 40-year interval. The authors of the article examined schoolchildren of secondary schools in Gomel. Over 2010-2012 the complex cross-sectional morphometrical examination was carried out on schoolchildren aged of 8-16 years without any significant health problems in the city of Gomel (a total of 3105, out of them there were 1452 boys and 1653 girls). The somatometrical program included body length and mass, chest circumference parameters. The absolute and relative parameters of their annual increases were calculated in schoolchildren, which made it possible to determine the periods of their relative acceleration and deceleration indices. The anthropometric data on schoolchildren of the city of Gomel obtained by V.Ya.Leontyev in 1973 and A.I. Kienya, V.A. Melnik over 1994-1996 were used for comparison. The comparative analysis of the gender and age dynamics of morphometric indices in schoolchildren of the city of Gomel aged of 8-16 years in 1973 and over 2010-2012 revealed the processes of acceleration (increase of body length and mass) in boys and asthenization (increase of body length and decrease of body mass) in girls at the beginning of the XXI century. The indices of the chest circumference before and after puberty period in the contemporary school boys and girls were lower, but in the puberty period being higher than in schoolchildren of the same age examined forty years ago. The authors developed, published and put into both practical public health of Belarus and educational process the Tables for the assessment of physical development of schoolchildren of the city of Gomel.
In the review the present-day conceptions of authors from our country as well as foreign authors about the regularities of forming of morphological status at the ascending phase of ontogenesis at the boundary of the 20th and 21st centuries have been presented. The realized analysis of literature will allow to broaden the knowledge about the influence of ecologically unfavorable factors coupled with social and psychological factors on the growing generation`s health condition.
Objective: to carry out the comparative analysis of the age dynamics of somatometric parameters of school children in various areas of residence. Material and methods. School children of comprehensive schools of Gomel aged 7-17 were the objects of the study. The program of the study included the measurement of body length, body mass, and chest circumference. The obtained material was compared to the corresponding literature data on the results of the examination of school children residing in other cities. Results. As a result of the study of the regularities of growth processes of the school children of Gomel, it has been found out that the periods of the maximum growth rates of body length, body mass, and chest circumference in boys were revealed before the onset of their puberty and by its end and in girls - only at the beginning of puberty in comparison with their peers in other areas of residence. Conclusion. The age dynamics of somatometric parameters of city school children depends on the area of their residence.
Objective: to study the changes of the somatometric parameters of city school children of Belarus aged 8-16 over time in the period from 1925 to 2010-2012.Material and methods. To study the somatometric parameters, over 2010-2012 the city school children (1423 boys and 1438 girls) aged 8-16 were examined by the method of V. V. Bunak. The following somatometric parameters were measured in the examined schoolchildren: body length and body weight, chest circumference. To assess the changes in the dynamics of the somatometric parameters of the city school children of Belarus over time, the obtained data were compared to the corresponding data obtained by Р. М. Моnоszоn-Luibina in 1925, by S. A. Lialikov and S. D. Orehovy over 1989-1997.Results. It has been found that the city school children of Belarus examined over 2010-2012 are characterized by higher indices of the somatometric parameters (body length and body weight, chest circumference) (p < 0.05-0.001) as compared to their peers examined in 1925, and 1989-1997.Conclusion. The comparative analysis of the obtained data has made it possible to establish the presence of the process of acceleration in the city school children of Belarus aged 8-16 at the beginning of the 21st century.
The article presents the results of the analysis of somatometric parameters of school children living in areas with different levels of urbanization. As a result of the carried out study we have proved the absence of any significant difference (р > 0.05) between somatometric parameters (body length, body mass and chest circumference) in city school children from big industrial cities. At the same time, the studied parameters revealed statistically significant differencies in school children of the same age from cities with high and medium levels of urbanization, as well as rural and city school children from big industrial centers.
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