Summary Recently the American Heart Association has reported that favorable effects of soy protein on blood lipids were characteristic only for high amounts of soy protein and not observed for an intake less than 30 g/d. However, the period of the studies with the smaller amount was 4-6 wk and we thought a longer study was necessary for the conclusion. The death rate by heart disease is very high in Russia; therefore, we have done this study in Russian subjects with hyperlipidemia. Prior to the study we tried to find a favorable method for subjects to take 30 g protein a day from soybean protein isolate (SPI) or skimmed curd protein (SMP) and decided to use Russian style cookies. Thirty subjects with hyperlipidemia were recruited; however, due to the 5-mo long study 28 of them (19 females and 9 males aged 50 Ϯ 2 y) could complete the trial. They were randomly assigned to two groups and were given either cookie for 2 mo separated by a month-long washout interval in a crossover design. Fasting blood samples were drawn before and after the dietary treatments. Fasting blood samples at 1 mo were also measured as a health check and to observe the trends of the blood parameters in the middle of the study period. Serum samples were used for the lipid and other biochemical measurements. Every month for 3 non-consecutive days, energy and nutrient intakes were assessed and physical activity was estimated by pedometer. With the consumption of SPI for 2 mo, concentrations of total-cholesterol changed from 280 Ϯ 7 to 263 Ϯ 8 mg/dL ( Ϫ 6.5%, p ϭ 0.0099), HDL-cholesterol from 57.4 Ϯ 2.5 to 62.6 Ϯ 2.9 mg/dL ( ϩ 9%, p ϭ 0.0047), non-HDL-cholesterol (total-cholesterol Ϫ HDL-cholesterol) from 223 Ϯ 7 to 201 Ϯ 8 mg/dL ( Ϫ 11%, p ϭ 0.0023) and triglycerides from 204 Ϯ 23 to 173 Ϯ 19 mg/dL ( Ϫ 18%, p ϭ 0.022). There were no significant changes with SMP ( p Ͼ 0.05). Thus, administration of 30 g SPI a day for 2 mo confirmed its favorable effects on serum lipids in Russians with hyperlipidemia. Key Words soy protein isolate, skimmed milk curd, hyperlipidemia, Russian It is well established that soy protein foods can decrease blood cholesterol ( 1-3 ) and mortality rates from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) ( 4 , 5 ) both in Asians ( 6 , 7 ) and Westerners ( 8-10 ). The Food and Drug Administration of the USA and the American Heart Association recommend daily consumption of 25 g of soy protein to control blood cholesterol ( 11 , 12 ). However, this conclusion is based mainly on studies with whole soy foods, which contains several components of soy beans that influence blood lipids ( 13 ). The results of studies with soy protein isolate (SPI) are less consistent and recent meta-analysis shows that favorable results were observed only in studies with quite high amounts of soybean protein ( 13 ) and that there were no effects when the participants consumed about 25 g of SPI daily for 6 wk ( 14 , 15 ). These findings suggest that at least 30 g of soy protein and more than 6 wk administration are necessary to achieve favorable changes in blood l...

to explore the potential neurobiological basis for the improvement of neurocognitive function. Methods: We recruited 12 patients with OSA after stroke who received a diagnosis using overnight polysomnography (PSG) with apneahypopnea index (AHI) > 10. Patients were randomly divided into two groups (randomized single blind controlled trial) : electroacupuncture group and sham acupuncture group. Observing the two groupsKarolinska Drowsiness Test (KDT) (awake EEG measurement with eyes open and closed)、Overnight polysomnography (PSG) 、Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) before and after the treatment. KDT tests were performed every 2 h from 08:00 to 14:00 (four sessions).Electroacupuncture group was treated by acupuncturingSishencong (EX-HN1) points, sham acupuncture group received acupuncture non acupoint therapy which is besides Sishencong (EX-HN1) 0.5 cm, were treated for 15 days, once a day.Resting awake EEG was recorded during a KDT, which comprised repeated sessions of 7.5-min EEG recordings. Each 7.5-min session started with a 2.5-min eyes-open time, then 2.5-min eyes closed, then another 2.5-min of eyes open. Thirty seconds at the beginning of each 2.5-min segment were discarded from analysis to avoid the artefact caused by patients settling to the new task after being instructed to change behavior. The PSG system (Philip compumedics, E-Series, Australia) was used with a sampling rate of 200 Hz. EEG recording channels included C3-M2, C4-M1, F4-M1, F3-M2, O2-M1, O1-M2, left and right electrooculogram (EOG) and Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS).Result：Compared to sham acupuncture group, electroacupuncture group increased awake EEG activation (faster EEG frequency) with increased alpha/delta (A/D) ratio (P < 0.05) and fast ratio = (alpha+beta)/(delta+theta) (P < 0.05) across the OSA patientsafterstroke. The A/D ratio signifcantly correlatedwith MMSE and MoCA. Compared with sham acupuncture group, daytime sleepiness was significantly improved in electroacupuncture group (P < 0.01).Conclusion: Electroacupuncture increased awake EEG activation, whichcorrelated to improved performance. This study provides supporting neurophysiological evidence that electroacupuncture is a potential treatmentoption on OSA after stroke.

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 ýêñïåðèìåíòàëüíûõ óñëîâèÿõ èññëåäîâàíà âîçìîaeíîñòü êîððåêöèè ñâîáîäíîðà-äèêàëüíîãî îêèñëåíèÿ ëèïèäîâ ìåìáðàí îðãàíèçìà êðûñ ââåäåíèåì öèòîôëàâèíà. Óñòàíîâëåíî, ÷òî åaeåäíåâíîå õîëîäîâîå âîçäåéñòâèå â òå÷åíèå 3 ÷ ñïîñîáñòâóåò ïîâû-øåíèþ ñîäåðaeàíèÿ ãèäðîïåðåêèñåé ëèïèäîâ, äèåíîâûõ êîíúþãàòîâ, ìàëîíîâîãî äèà-ëüäåãèäà íà ôîíå ñíèaeåíèÿ àêòèâíîñòè îñíîâíûõ êîìïîíåíòîâ àíòèîêñèäàíòíîé ñèñ-òåìû â êðîâè ýêñïåðèìåíòàëüíûõ aeèâîòíûõ. Ââåäåíèå êðûñàì öèòîôëàâèíà â äîçå 100 ìã/êã âíóòðèáðþøèííî åaeåäíåâíî â òå÷åíèå 21 äíÿ íåïîñðåäñòâåííî ïåðåä îõ-ëàaeäåíèåì â óñëîâèÿõ õðîíè÷åñêîé õîëîäîâîé íàãðóçêè ñïîñîáñòâóåò äîñòîâåðíîìó ñíèaeåíèþ â ïëàçìå êðîâè êîíöåíòðàöèè ãèäðîïåðåêèñåé ëèïèäîâ íà 13 -21 %, äèåíî-âûõ êîíúþãàòîâ -íà 24 -25 %, ìàëîíîâîãî äèàëüäåãèäà -íà 20 -33 % ïî ñðàâíå-íèþ ñ ïîêàçàòåëÿìè êîíòðîëüíîé ãðóïïû (ð < 0,05). Ïðè àíàëèçå âëèÿíèÿ öèòîôëàâèíà íà àêòèâíîñòü êîìïîíåíòîâ àíòèîêñèäàíòíîé ñèñòåìû áûëî óñòàíîâëåíî, ÷òî ñîäåð-aeàíèå öåðóëîïëàçìèíà è âèòàìèíà Å â êðîâè aeèâîòíûõ áûëî äîñòîâåðíî âûøå àíàëî-ãè÷íîãî ïîêàçàòåëÿ ó êðûñ êîíòðîëüíîé ãðóïïû íà 10 -33 % (ð < 0,05). Òàêèì îáðà-çîì, èñïîëüçîâàíèå öèòîôëàâèíà â óñëîâèÿõ äëèòåëüíîãî âîçäåéñòâèÿ õîëîäà íà îðãà-íèçì ýêñïåðèìåíòàëüíûõ aeèâîòíûõ ïðèâîäèò ê ñòàáèëèçàöèè ïðîöåññîâ ïåðîêñèäà-öèè íà ôîíå ïîâûøåíèÿ àêòèâíîñòè îñíîâíûõ êîìïîíåíòîâ àíòèîêñèäàíòíîé ñèñòåìû â êðîâè.Êëþ÷åâûå ñëîâà: öèòîôëàâèí; õîëîäîâîé ñòðåññ; ïåðåêèñíîå îêèñëåíèå ëèïèäîâ áèîëîãè÷åñêèõ ìåìáðàí; ïðîäóêòû ïåðîêñèäàöèè; ãèäðîïåðåêèñè ëèïèäîâ; äèåíîâûå êîíúþãàòû; ìàëîíîâûé äèàëüäåãèä; àíòèîêñèäàíòíàÿ ñèñòåìà; êðûñû. ÂÂÅÄÅÍÈÅÕîëîäîâîé ñòðåññ, ïðèâîäÿùèé ê ðàçâèòèþ ðàçëè÷-íûõ äèçðåãóëÿöèîííûõ ïðîöåññîâ, ñîçäàåò áëàãîïðè-ÿòíûå óñëîâèÿ äëÿ ðàäèêàëîîáðàçîâàíèÿ è ñïîñîáñòâó-åò èñòîùåíèþ ìîùíîñòè àíòèîêñèäàíòíîé ñèñòåìû â òåïëîêðîâíîì îðãàíèçìå [7,13]. Ïðè àäàïòàöèè îðãà-íèçìà ê õîëîäó íàáëþäàåòñÿ äèñïðîïîðöèÿ â ãîðìî-íàëüíîì è ýíåðãåòè÷åñêîì ñòàòóñå àíàáîëè÷åñêèõ ïðî-öåññîâ, âîçíèêàåò äåôèöèò áèîýíåðãåòè÷åñêèõ ðåñóð-ñîâ è ãèïîêñèÿ òêàíåé [3], â îñíîâå êîòîðîé ëåaeèò íå-ñîîòâåòñòâèå ìåaeäó ïîòðåáíîñòüþ òêàíåé â êèñëîðîäå è åãî äîñòàâêîé, ñâÿçàííîå, ïðåaeäå âñåãî, ñ íàðóøåíè-åì îêèñëåíèÿ ñóáñòðàòîâ â ðåçóëüòàòå çàòðóäíåíèÿ òðàíñïîðòà ýëåêòðîíîâ â äûõàòåëüíîé öåïè ìèòîõîíä-ðèé. Íàðóøåíèå ìèòîõîíäðèàëüíîãî îêèñëåíèÿ ïðèâî-äèò ê óãíåòåíèþ ñîïðÿaeåííîãî ñ íèì ôîñôîðèëèðîâà-íèÿ è, ñëåäîâàòåëüíî, âûçûâàåò ïðîãðåññèðóþùèé ýíåðãîäåôèöèò è àêòèâàöèþ íà åãî ôîíå ôîñôîëèïî-ëèçà è ïåðåêèñíîãî îêèñëåíèÿ ëèïèäîâ. Ïåðåêèñíîå ïîâðåaeäåíèå ìåìáðàí ëèçîñîì ïðèâîäèò ê ïîâðåaeäå-íèþ âíóòðèêëåòî÷íûõ ñòðóêòóð ëèçîñîìàëüíûìè ôåð-ìåíòàìè ñ âûõîäîì àóòîëèòè÷åñêèõ ýíçèìîâ â ìåaeêëåòî÷íîå ïðîñòðàíñòâî [8,10]. Ñëîaeíûé ìåõà-íèçì ðàçâèòèÿ ãèïîêñèè â îðãàíèçìå, ìíîãîêîìïî-íåíòíàÿ ñèñòåìà áèîõèìè÷åñêèõ è ìåòàáîëè÷åñêèõ ïðîöåññîâ, âîçíèêàþùèõ ïðè ðàçëè÷íîé ïàòîëîãèè, îáúÿñíÿåò òðóäíîñòè â âûáîðå ïðåïàðàòîâ äëÿ êîððåê-öèè íàðóøåíèé ôóíêöèé äûõàòåëüíîé öåïè è äðóãèõ ìåòàáîëè÷åñêèõ ïðîöåññîâ, ïîñòàâëÿþùèõ ýíåðãåòè-÷åñêèå ñóáñòðàòû. Ïåðñïåêòèâíûì ñ ýòèõ ïîçèöèé ïðåäñòàâëÿåòñÿ èñïîëüçîâàíèå ïðåïàðàòîâ, ñîäåðaeà-ùèõ ÿíòàðíóþ êèñëîòó, ÿâëÿ...

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