The work is devoted to the development of alternative jet fuel blended with rapeseed oil-derived biocomponents and study of their physical-chemical properties. The modification of conventional jet fuel by rapeseed oil esters was chosen for this work among the variety of technologies for alternative jet fuels development. The main characteristics of conventional jet fuel and three kinds of biocomponents were determined and compared to the standards requirements to jet fuel of Jet A-1 grade. The most important or identifying physical-chemical properties of jet fuels were determined for the scope of this study. Among them are: density, viscosity, fractional composition, freezing point and net heat of combustion. The influence of rapeseed oil-derived biocomponents on the mentioned above characteristics of blended jet fuels was studied and explained.
The article outlines problems of aviation industry connected with limitation of energy resources for aviation fuels production. Main ecological problems connected with application of conventional jet fuels are determined. Modern trends for transition from conventional aviation fuels to alternative ones are presented. The most popular technologies for alternative fuels production are discussed. Advantages of biofuels implementation in aviation are defined.
The world tendency in replacement of traditional jet fuels with their alternative analogues is presented. The main technologies of jet biofuels production from plant oils are described. The main requirements to biocomponents used in jet fuels are formed. Chemical composition and properties of biocomponents produced via esterification of plant oils by ethanol were investigated. It was developed a method for physical-chemical properties of biocomponents improvemet. The efficiency of the proposed method is shown.
The main tendencies in sphere of civil aviation are discussed in the article, mainly ecologization of aviation, implementation of alternative fuels, increase and control of aviation fuels' quality. The keystone principles of policy in sphere of modern aviation development are presented. Peculiarities of the main international and Ukrainian normative documents determining requirements to jet fuels quality are discussed in the article. Special attention is paid to the necessity in harmonization of requirements set in Ukrainian and international normative documents.
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