Physical-Chemical Properties of Jet Fuel Blends with Components Derived from Rape Oil

Abstract

The work is devoted to the development of alternative jet fuel blended with rapeseed oil-derived biocomponents and study of their physical-chemical properties. The modification of conventional jet fuel by rapeseed oil esters was chosen for this work among the variety of technologies for alternative jet fuels development. The main characteristics of conventional jet fuel and three kinds of biocomponents were determined and compared to the standards requirements to jet fuel of Jet A-1 grade. The most important or identifying physical-chemical properties of jet fuels were determined for the scope of this study. Among them are: density, viscosity, fractional composition, freezing point and net heat of combustion. The influence of rapeseed oil-derived biocomponents on the mentioned above characteristics of blended jet fuels was studied and explained.

Synthesis of Camelina oil ethyl esters as components of jet fuels

“…Later, the content of Camelina oil ethyl esters in the transesterification products, as well as their fatty acid composition, was determined by gas chromatography. In addition, the fatty acid composition of the sample of rapeseed oil ethyl esters (RapEE) that was studied by the authors in previous researches [18][19][20] as a component of jet fuel, has been determined.…”

“…Since the properties of oils and their esters, respectively, are determined by the qualitative and quantitative composition of individual fatty acids, the data on the fatty acid composition of esters allows predicting their physical and chemical properties. Table 3 gives data about the fatty acid composition of Camelina oil according to the data [2,12,27] compared to the fatty acid composition of the synthesized CamEE samples and RapEE sample, which were previously studied as components of jet fuel [19].…”

“…Traditionally [5,7,18], methanol is used for transesterification that is explained by its technological advantages during this process and also lower price compared to other simple alcohols. It is known from a number of studies [5,9,18,19] that fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) are widespread as an alternative fuel for diesel engines. However, one of the main unsolved issues regarding the use of FAME as components of jet fuel is their unsatisfactory low-temperature properties [18][19][20].…”

“…It is known from a number of studies [5,9,18,19] that fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) are widespread as an alternative fuel for diesel engines. However, one of the main unsolved issues regarding the use of FAME as components of jet fuel is their unsatisfactory low-temperature properties [18][19][20]. Thus, it was shown that due to the high freezing point, the use of jet fuels containing only 10 % vol.…”

“…From the studies devoted to the development of biodiesel fuels based on fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE) of plant oils, it is known [13,17] that increasing the hydrocarbon chain length of alcohol causes reduction of esters' freezing point [16,20]. In previous works of the authors [16,20,21], it was shown that the use of rapeseed oil FAEE, compared to the FAME, has a positive effect on the performance of fuel mixtures used in jet engines [16,19,20]. This suggests that studying the feasibility of Camelina oil FAEE use as a component of jet fuels is seemed to be promising and appropriate.…”