Health and life expectancy of a person are largely related to the quality of food. Insufficient amount of biologically active substances (BAS) in the diet can lead to the development of alimentary diseases such as diabetes, cancer, diseases of the cardiovascular system. They are based on oxidative stress causing the development of inflammation. Natural antioxidants of plant origin – polyphenols and carotenoids reduce the risk of these diseases. To create blended juices of functional orientation, fruit and vegetable raw materials containing high concentrations of these compounds is suggested to use. Mountain ash and small-fruited Siberian apples are rich in flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids, pumpkin – carotenoids. Honey enriches the taste of the drink. Based on these components, recipes of blended fruit and vegetable juices with honey were created. Methods of research of organoleptic, physico-chemical and microbiological parameters, approved by normative and technical documentation, were used in the work. Four compositions that differ in the ratio of the ingredients were considered. According to the results of the organoleptic evaluation, the juice formulation was chosen, including 450 ml of juice of small-fruited apples, 400 ml of pumpkin juice, 100 ml of mountain ash syrup, 25 ml of honey and 25 ml of water on 1 liter juice. The main physicochemical indicators of the juice are determined: the mass fraction of soluble solids was 16.0%, the mass fraction of pulp was 4.5%, the mass fraction of sugar was 36.3%, the mass fraction of titrated acids in terms of malic acid was 0.45 %, pH was 3.7. Studies of microbiological safety were carried out. The check sample of juice corresponds to the industrial sterility indicators and regulatory and technical documentation.
Increasing the milk yield and improving the qualitative composition of milk are crucial tasks in Russia and foreign countries. In Krasnoyarsk krai, red-motley cows occupy the largest share of all breeds (69.7%). Studies were conducted in the Arefyevskoye JSC of Krasnoyarsk krai on red-and-white breed cows. Physical and chemical properties of milk were determined in the laboratory of selection control of milk quality. Studies have shown that in red-motley breed cows, the milk yield, fat and dry matter increases with aging, and the number of somatic cells decreases. A high reliable relationship between the signs of qualitative composition of milk (fat - urea, lactose - urea, dry matter - urea, protein - dry matter, fat - dry matter and lactose - dry matter) in all lactation cows was established. For 305 days of lactation, the correlation between the signs of milk yield - fat and milk yield - protein was negative, the correlation between fat and protein content was positive.
Полноценное питание обеспечивает нормальную жизнедеятельность человека, адаптацию организма к неблагоприятным условиям окружающей среды, способствует снижению риска развития алиментарных заболеваний. Для населения России характерно избыточное потребление жиров и сахара и недостаточное поступление микронутриентов и ряда минеральных веществ. В связи с этим возникает необходимость в натуральных продуктах, способных восполнить дефицит биологически активных веществ в пище. Для этой цели хорошо подойдут соки. Используя растительное сырье с известным составом, можно создавать купажированные напитки, обогащенные теми или иными необходимыми биологически активными компонентами.С этой целью были разработаны рецептуры функциональных напитков из мелкоплодных яблок, тыквы, дикорастущих ягод (облепихи, рябины, клюквы) и меда. По результатам органолептической оценки в 2 группах рецептур (напитки с рябиновым сиропом и напитки с сиропом из облепихи) выбрано по 1 рецепту. Рецептура плодоовощного напитка с рябиной (образец № 4) в расчете на 1 л: сок мелкоплодных яблок -450 мл, сок тыквы -400 мл, рябиновый сироп -100 мл, мед -25 мл, вода -25 мл. Рецептура напитка с облепихой (образец № 7) в расчете на 1 л: сок мелкоплодных яблок -375 мл, сок тыквы -375 мл, облепиховый сироп -100 мл, сироп из клюквы -100 мл, мед -25 мл, вода -25 мл. Функциональная направленность напитков обусловлена высоким содержанием в них витамина С (28 % суточной потребности для образца № 4 и 47 % для образца № 7) и -каротина (23 % суточной потребности для образца № 7). Определены физикохимические параметры напитков, показатели микробиологической и токсикологической безопасности и их соответствие нормативной документации.Ключевые слова: мелкоплодные яблоки, тыква, облепиха, рябина, клюква, мед, витамин С, -каротин, функциональный напиток.Full nutrition provides normal human activity, ensures adaptation of the body to adverse environmental conditions, helps to reduce the risk of alimentary diseases. For the population of Russia excessive consumption of fats and sugar and insufficient intake of micronutrients and a number of minerals characterized. In this regard, there is a need for natural products that can fill the deficit of biologically active substances in food. For this purpose, juices are well suited. Using vegetable raw materials with a known composition, it is possible to create blended drinks enriched with certain necessary biologically active components.For this purpose, recipes of functional drinks from smallfruited apples, pumpkin, wild berries (sea buckthorn, mountain ash, cranberries) and honey were developed. According to the results of organoleptic evaluation in 2 groups of recipes (drinks with mountain ash syrup and drinks with sea buckthorn syrup), on 1 recipe was selected. The recipe of fruit and vegetable drink with mountain ash (sample № 4) per 1 liter: juice of small-fruited apples -450 ml, pumpkin juice -400 ml, mountain ash syrup -100 ml, honey -25 ml, water -25 ml. The recipe of drink with sea buckthorn (sample № 7) per 1 liter: juice of s...
The paper has presented the results of the level productivity mothers’ influence on the daily milk yield and physicochemical properties of daughters' milk. The interrelation and heritability of signs, as well as the strength of the influence of two factors (age of daughters-cows in lactations and the milk yield level of mothers) on the component composition and physical properties of milk of cows-daughters, were determined. The studies were carried out in Arefyevskoye JSC of the Krasnoyarsk Territory on Red-Motley cows (43 mother-daughter pairs). It was found the milk of cows-mothers, in comparison with the milk of daughters, was distinguished by better physicochemical properties. The superiority of daughters over mothers in terms of daily milk yield (second lactation) and lactose (first lactation) (by 13.4 kg and 0.21%; P> 0.95 and P> 0.999) was reliable. A positive strong relationship was found between the content of dry matter and fat (r = 0.71 and 0.79) in the milk of mothers and daughters. A significant effect of mothers on the fat content in their daughters' milk (² = 13.9; P> 0.99) was revealed. The age of daughters in lactations reliably influenced on their daily milk yield, the content of dry matter in milk, solid-not-fat (SNF) and freezing temperature of milk (² = 8.3-11.8; P> 0.95-0.99).
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