The article deals with the interrelation of forest canopy of trees and high-rise structures of spruce undergrowth of different phenological forms in pleurocarpous moss group of forest type in conditions of Leningrad region. The analysis of high-rise structures of different phenological forms depending on the composition and structure of forest in the most represented types of forests in Leningrad region is made. For further insights on the role of composition and structure of forest stand as factors determining high-rise structure of different phenological forms of undergrowth of spruce, analysis of variance was conducted. Decrease in the share of large height spruce undergrowth of all phenological forms in the increase of participation of spruce in the growing stock, with increasing elative completeness of forest stand, its age and stock, allowed to conclude that the structure of natural regeneration of spruce on height is affected by the degree of illumination under the canopy of forest stand. Analysis of altitudinal structure of spruce undergrowth in different phenological forms in height, depending on forest type showed that proportion of the undergrowth of all phenological forms is higher in dry forest types than in wet forest. From this we can conclude that high-rise structure of spruce undergrowth in different phenological forms is influenced not only by illuminance under the canopy of the forest, but also fertility of soil, its physical and chemical properties. Conducted analysis of variance confirmed statistically significant dependence of this factor. As a result of conducted research it can be concluded, that in conditions of middle taiga of all biocenotic factors factors, forest type and composition of stands have greater influence on high-rise structure of phenological forms of spruce undergrowth.
В статье рассматривается зависимость состояния жизнеспособности молодого поколения ели разных фенологических форм от состава и строения материнского полога древостоя. Анализ проводился в зеленомошной группе типов леса в условиях Ленинградской области. Целью данной работы было выявить особенности взаимосвязи между материнским пологом древостоя, распределением естественного возобновления ели по фенологическим формам и его состоянием жизнеспособности в регионе исследования. Дисперсионный анализ влияния фактора материнского древостоя на количество жизнеспособного подроста ели подтвердил значимость этого фактора. При увеличении доли ели в составе материнского древостоя, с увеличением относительной полноты древостоя, его возраста и запаса уменьшается доля жизнеспособного подроста ели ранораспускающейся и переходной фенологических форм. При этом доля нежизнеспособного подроста этих форм увеличивается, как и доля позднораспускающейся формы независимо от состояния жизнеспособности. Эта закономерность позволяет сделать вывод, что на состояние жизнеспособности молодого поколения ели, а также на его распределение по фенологическим формам значительно влияет степень освещенности под пологом древостоя. Анализ состояния подроста ели в зависимости от типа леса показал, что с уменьшением почвенного плодородия и влажности доля жизнеспособного подроста ранней и переходной форм уменьшается, а доля поздней – увеличивается. При этом доля нежизнеспособного подроста всех фенологических форм увеличивается. Из этого можно сделать заключение, что на состояние жизнеспособности подроста ели разных фенологических форм влияет не только освещенность под пологом древостоя, но и плодородие почвы, его физические и химические свойства. Анализ влияния этого фактора статистически подтвердился. В результате про- ведённых исследований можно сделать вывод, о том, что в условиях средней тайги такие факторы, как тип леса и состав древостоя в большей степени влияют на состояние жизнеспособности подроста ели разных фенологических форм. This article presents the dependence of state of vitality spruce undergrowth of different phenological forms from composition and structure parent tree stand. The analysis was carried out in pleurocarpous moss group of forest type in Leningrad region. The aim of this study was to identify the features of the relationship between parent tree stand, proportion of phenological forms spruce undergrowth and his state of vtality in the study area. Analysis of variance for the influence of the parent stand on the number of viable young growth of spruce confirmed the importance of this factor. With increasing participation spruce in forest stand composition, with increasing relative density forest stand, his age and growing stock participation viable undergrowth early blooming and intergrade forms are decreasing. Therewith quantity inviable undergrowth these forms and participation late blooming form both viable and inviable are increasing. This regularity allows to make a conclusion that luminance under tree stand canopy is influencing on a state of vitality spruce undergrowth and his proportion of phenological forms. The analysis of state of vitality spruce undergrowth depending on forest type revealed that with decreasing of soil fertility and moisture the participation viable undergrowth early blooming and intergrade forms are decreasing and the participation late blooming form is increasing. Therewith participation inviable spruce undergrowth all phenological forms are increasing. From which it follows that on state of vitality spruce undergrowth of different phenological forms influences not only luminance under stand canopy but also fertility of soil, his physical and chemical properties. Analysis of the influence of this factor is statistically confirmed. As a result of undertake a study inference should be drawn that in middle taiga such factors as forest type and parent stand composition more influences on a state of vitality of different phenological forms spruce undergrowth.
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