The article presents the results of a study of the effect of oil pollution on the biochemical and morphometric parameters of the plant Triticum aestivum L., as well as a change in the number of rhizospheric microorganisms capable of degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. It was shown that under the influence of pollution in plants increased the activity of redox enzymes. A significant increase in hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria and fungi was recorded in the rhizosphere.
To assess the features of the formation of plant defense responses under conditions of oil pollution, a comparison was made of the concentration of phytosteroid hormones and iodothyronines in the nuclei and cytoplasm of plant cells against the background of the use of the Lenoil + Elena complex of biological preparations. In the nuclei of shoot and root cells of alfalfa and rye grown under conditions of oil pollution of the soil, a significant decrease in the concentration of phytosteroids was revealed. The use of a complex of biological preparations increased the content of phytosteroids in the nuclei of the cells of the roots and aerial parts to values close to those obtained in the control variant. In the cytoplasm of cells of shoots and roots of alfalfa and rye against the background of soil pollution with oil and treatment with a combination of microbial preparations "Lenoil + Elena", an increase in the level of phytosteroids was revealed. Soil contamination with oil led to a decrease in the content of tetraiodothyronine (T4) in the nuclei of the shoot and root cells of alfalfa and rye. At the same time, no significant differences in tetraiodothyronine concentrations were found in the cytoplasm of root and shoot cells. However, in plants growing on oil-contaminated soil, a decrease in the content of TK in plant cells was observed. It has been established that when plants grow on soil contaminated with oil and the use of biological preparations, the level of phytosteroids and iodothyronines changes, which indicates their active participation in the processes of plant adaptation to environmental factors.
The study of the adaptive mechanisms of plants in response to the action of oil makes it possible to identify signs that ensure the resistance of plants in conditions of oil pollution, with the aim of using them in the development of methods of reclamation and selection of plants resistant to oil pollution for it. The available data on the effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on plants are highly controversial. The species diversity of plants capable of growing on oil-contaminated soils has not been sufficiently studied. Phytoremediation is the most suitable soil purification tool for agricultural areas due to the large extent of the land and the relative cheapness of the method. Physiological, biochemical and morphometric parameters are important indicators of plant resistance to hydrocarbon pollutants. Of great scientific and practical interest is the identification of the resistance of higher plants to exogenous petroleum hydrocarbons (HC) and the identification of the effect of phytoremediation and the effect of the introduction of biological products in case of hydrocarbon pollution of the soil. The aim of the work was to assess changes in the biochemical and morphometric parameters of Medicago sativa L. plants under conditions of soil pollution with oil and reclamation using the biological product "Elena". Determination of the protein content in leaves makes it possible to judge the status of nitrogen metabolism in plants. It was revealed that oil pollution led to a decrease in the protein content of the plant Medicago sativa L. The use of the biological product "Elena" led to the restoration of this parameter. The results showed that the positive effect of the studied biological product depends on the concentration of the pollutant.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.