To assess the features of the formation of plant defense responses under conditions of oil pollution, a comparison was made of the concentration of phytosteroid hormones and iodothyronines in the nuclei and cytoplasm of plant cells against the background of the use of the Lenoil + Elena complex of biological preparations. In the nuclei of shoot and root cells of alfalfa and rye grown under conditions of oil pollution of the soil, a significant decrease in the concentration of phytosteroids was revealed. The use of a complex of biological preparations increased the content of phytosteroids in the nuclei of the cells of the roots and aerial parts to values close to those obtained in the control variant. In the cytoplasm of cells of shoots and roots of alfalfa and rye against the background of soil pollution with oil and treatment with a combination of microbial preparations "Lenoil + Elena", an increase in the level of phytosteroids was revealed. Soil contamination with oil led to a decrease in the content of tetraiodothyronine (T4) in the nuclei of the shoot and root cells of alfalfa and rye. At the same time, no significant differences in tetraiodothyronine concentrations were found in the cytoplasm of root and shoot cells. However, in plants growing on oil-contaminated soil, a decrease in the content of TK in plant cells was observed. It has been established that when plants grow on soil contaminated with oil and the use of biological preparations, the level of phytosteroids and iodothyronines changes, which indicates their active participation in the processes of plant adaptation to environmental factors.
In the last decade, significant progress has been made in the study of plant analogues of mammalian and human hormones. If, just as it happens in an animal cell, these compounds act as regulators of metabolism, the question arises about the existence of receptors for them and there is a need to study the mechanisms of intracellular signaling. With help of affinity sorbent with immobilized thyroxine presumably take part in the reception of plant analogues of iodothyronines compounds were isolated from bean seedlings. The procedure of affinity isolation of receptors to the plant analogue of thyroxine with subsequent determination of the concentration of triiodothyronine in the isolated fractions was repeated 15 times (n=15). It was assumed that the concentration of binding sites of thyroxine analogues is equal to the concentration of the hormone determined in the sample by enzyme immunoassay, thus, it was assumed that the hormone binding sites were fully loaded. The calculation of the average concentration of binding sites in samples and absolute errors was carried out using the program Statistica for Windows version 10. The average number of iodothyronine (A) binding sites in picomoles per 1 gram of raw tissue mass (pmol/g) was calculated using the formula A= (C*V)/m, where C is the average concentration of thyroxine binding sites in mmol/l determined by enzyme immunoassay, V is the volume of the eluted fraction, m is the weight of the bean sprouts in grams. It is shown that the isolated compound is a nucleoprotein with a nucleic acid content of about 11% and contains binding sites not only of thyroxine, but also of steroid hormones.
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