Introduction. In megacities, the use of organs obtained from those who died as a result of sudden out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) for transplantation is one of the promising ways of addressing the problem of organ donor shortage. In St. Petersburg, the model of transition from life support via extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) of patients after OHCA to ECMO life support for organs of potential donors was tested for the first time.Materials and methods. In order to implement the program, round-the-clock ECMO and transplantation teams were organized at the inpatient emergency ward of Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University. Interaction with the St. Petersburg City Emergency Station, St. Petersburg was established. The protocol of work with potential donors brought to the hospital after a sudden circulatory arrest was developed, approved by the ethics committee, and implemented in clinical practice. This was the first in Russia and in international practice. Between 2017 and 2020, 67 patients with sudden OHCA were brought to the inpatient emergency ward. In 4 (5.97%) cases, advanced cardiovascular life support was successful, and 11 (16.42%) patients became effective donors. Mortality among this group of patients without subsequent postmortem donation was 77.61% (52 patients).Results. Liver transplantation from non-heart-beating donors (NHBDs) whose blood circulation was restored by ECMO (ECMO NHBD) was performed in 5 recipients who were in severe condition against the background of liver failure. In 1 (20%) case, there was severe liver allograft dysfunction for 33 days with subsequent complete restoration of function. Kidney transplantation was performed in 22 patients. Immediate graft function occurred in 10 (45.45%), while delayed function occurred in 12 (54.55%) patients. Kidney graft survival was 86.4%, kidney graft recipient survival was 95.5%, liver graft recipient survival was 80%, and the follow-up period was 24.1 ± 7.15 months.Conclusion. The use of ECMO to save the lives of patients with sudden OHCA can be implemented in conditions of a high degree of organization and synchronization of the work of the city emergency medical station and the emergency department of a multidisciplinary hospital. If cardiopulmonary resuscitation with ECMO (ECMO CPR) fails, it is possible to launch the ECMO NHBD donor program. Long-term outcomes of liver and kidney transplantation from ECMO NHBD are consistent with those using organs from brain-dead donors. Widespread implementation of the new organ donation model will increase the availability of transplant care.
Aim. To investigate the structure and frequency of occurrence of the infection in the cysts of the kidneys in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) due to autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (PKD).Materials and methods.For the first time the microbiological study of the biological materials obtained from the patients with PKD were performed. That were the polycystic-altered kidneys removed in preparation of potential recipients for kidney transplantation, which were made as a routine step. All patients underwent surgical treatment in order to prepare for kidney transplantation or according to clinical indications. Two groups of patients have been distinguished: the 1st group – 7 (33.3%) patients with asymptomatic course of disease, the 2nd group – 14 (76.7%) patients who had symptoms of infection of kidneys and urinary tract.Results. As a result of this work, the presence of latent and active infection in 18 (85.7%) patients, including 6 (85.7%) patients with asymptomatic polycystic course, was proved. At microbiological research the causative agent of infection was not revealed only at the 1st patient in the first group and in 2 patients in the second group. Infection of cysts of kidneys of 6 patients with asymptomatic course of PKD was proved only after research of their contents taken intraoperatively. There is no correlation between the presence of infection, symptoms and the size of polycystic kidneys. Multidrug resistant infection only sensitive to modern antibiotics ultrawide spectrum of action was detected in 6 patients, including 2 patients with asymptomatic.Conclusion.Critically high actual infection of more than 80% of polycystic-altered kidneys has been established, which allows to consider them as a source of chronic infection in the context of future transplantation. The presence of latent, including multiresistant infection in cysts, worsens the prognosis of kidney transplantation in this category of patients without nephrectomy.
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