Background: The role of subchorionic hematoma (SCH) in the first trimester of pregnancy remains open for discussion. Some authors claim that SCH does not affect the pregnancy; others have found that it is a serious risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcome. The objective of the present study was to explore the outcomes of pregnancy in patients with SCH diagnosed in the first trimester.Methods and Results: The study involved 194 pregnant women who were in terms of 6 to 12 weeks: 115 women with SCH (Group 1) and 79 apparently healthy pregnant women (Group 2). A missed miscarriage was observed in 27/23% women of Group 1 and in 4/5% of Group 2 (P<0.001), recurrent threat of miscarriage in 27/23% and in 4/5% (P<0.001), recurrent bleeding in 14/12% and 2/3% (P<0.02), and the short cervix syndrome in 22/19% and 5/6% (P<0.03) women, respectively. Conclusion:The results of our study show that the presence of SCH adversely affects the first half of pregnancy, leading to recurrent threatened abortion, recurrent threat of miscarriage, missed miscarriage until 12 weeks of gestation, and the short cervix syndrome. (Int I Biomed. 2015;5(3):137-140.)
<p><strong>Аim.</strong> To study the influence of genetic factors on the severity of essential аrteriаl hypertension (AH) clinical outcomes in patients of Russian and Buryаt ethnicity.</p><p><strong>Methods.</strong> Our study included 206 patients with а diagnosis of essential AH: 136 patients were of Russiаn аnd 70 patients were of Buryаt ethnicity. Pаtients were evаluаted for the following genotype markers; <em>АCE</em>, <em>АDRB1</em>, <em>АDRB2</em>, <em>АDRB3</em>, <em>NOS3</em>, <em>АGT</em>, <em>EDN1</em>, <em>GNB3</em>, and <em>STK39</em>.</p><p><strong>Results.</strong> Allele T of <em>GNB3</em> was аssociаted with high blood pressure in Russiаn аnd Buryаt patients. In Buryat patients, locus rs934379 of <em>EDN1</em> was аssociаted with high blood pressure, whereas allele G of the same marker was associated with increased heart damage risk. In Russians, allele I of <em>ACE</em> was protective towards the development of left ventricular hypertrophy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion.</strong> Our data revealed ethnogenetic differences in the genetic features of essential AH. We identified the patients severe hypertension among two etnhic group. Studying ethnic genetic markers for essential AH facilitates a greater understanding of the genetic predisposition underlying this condition.</p><p>Received 2 July 2020. Revised 31 August 2020. Accepted 9 September 2020.</p><p><strong>Funding:</strong> The work is supported by grant of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project No. 19-315-80032).</p><p><strong>Conflict of interest:</strong> Authors declare no conflict of interest.</p><p><strong>Author contributions</strong><br />Conception and design: N.V. Kokh, .M. Zelenskаyа, G.I. Lifshits<br />Data collection and analysis: A.Yа. Kovаlevа, N.V. Kokh, E.N. Voroninа, O.S. Donirovа, E.M. Zelenskаyа, A.A. Slepukhina, G.I. Lifshits<br />Statistical analysis: N.V. Kokh<br />Drafting the article: A.Yа. Kovаlevа, N.V. Kokh, E.N. Voroninа, O.S. Donirovа, E.M. Zelenskаyа, A.A. Slepukhina, G.I. Lifshits<br />Critical revision of the article: A.Yа. Kovаlevа, N.V. Kokh, E.N. Voroninа, O.S. Donirovа, E.M. Zelenskаyа, A.A. Slepukhina, G.I. Lifshits<br />Final approval of the version to be published: A.Yа. Kovаlevа, N.V. Kokh, E.N. Voroninа, O.S. Donirovа, E.M. Zelenskаyа, A.A. Slepukhina, G.I. Lifshits</p>
Цель. Изучение объемных и линейных параметров левого предсердия (ЛП) у оперированных и неоперированных больных с тяжелым аортальным стенозом (АС) в сравнении с группой контроля сходного возраста и пола. Материал и методы. Обследован 81 пациент с АС, 49 больных в отдаленные сроки после протезирования аортального клапана (ПАК) и 30-без порока сердца сходного возраста и полового состава. Рутинные эхокардиографические показатели определяли на ультразвуковом сканнере Acuson Sequia 512. Результаты. Объемные параметры ЛП (индекс объема ЛП (LAVI) и отношение минимального объема ЛП к объему левого желудочка (ЛЖ), имеющемуся в этот момент времени (LAVmin/LV) оказались наиболее чувствительными при оценке диастолической функции ЛЖ сердца у больных с изолированным АС при сравнении неоперированных и оперированных пациентов и относительно группы контроля. Изучение зависимости выживаемости неоперированных больных с АС от LAVI больше или меньше 32 мл/м 2 показало лишь небольшое расхождение кривых Каплана-Мейера с логранговым критерием равным 0,15. При сравнении показателей умерших (n=21) и живущих в момент исследования (n=60) пациентов этой группы различались только значения фракции выброса ЛЖ (ФВ ЛЖ): 61,0 (56,4-69,3)% у живущих в настоящее время против 46,4 (39,1-55,4)% у умерших (p<0,0001) и время, прошедшее от момента диагностики, до даты обследования: 0,5 (0,4-11,0) лет у живущих в настоящее время против 7,0 (3,0-19,0) лет у умерших (p=0,004). При множественной регрессии наибольший и статистически значимый коэффициент бета был выявлен только у ФВ ЛЖ (бета-0,52, p=0,002). Заключение. Линейные и объемные показатели ЛП слабо зависят от возраста и пола больных с оперированным и неоперированным АС и статистически значимо различаются в группах больных с неоперированным АС и пациентов после ПАК по сравнению с группой контроля, включающей пациентов без порока сердца. Величины линейных и объемных показателей ЛП у больных АС после ПАК приближаются к таковым в группе контроля. Ключевые слова: аортальный стеноз, диастолическая дисфункция, объемные показатели, левое предсердие.
Background. Today excess body weight and obesity are considered an epidemic affecting millions of people around the world. Excess body weight in children increases the risk of development of obesity in adult age. Food preferences are formed in childhood and influenced by environmental, cultural, and genetic factors; the latter remaining unclear.Objective. The study aimed at investigating the association of the rs5400 polymorphic locus of the SLC2A2 (GLUT2) gene and the rs4684677 polymorphic locus of the GHRL gene with excess body weight and preference for carbohydrates in preschool and primary school-aged children.Methods. The study enrolled 92 patients aged between 3 and 11 years; 56 patients gave consent for the assessment of their food preferences. Genotyping of polymorphic loci in the SLC2A2 and GHRL genes was carried out for all patients.Results. All patients were divided into groups depending on their eating habits (the ratio of dietary carbohydrates), as well as the presence of excess body weight. The probability of consumption of excessive amounts of carbohydrates appeared to be higher for carriers of the G/A genotype in the SLC2A2 gene as compared to the G/G carriers (odds ratio: 9.3; 95 % confidence interval [1.8–47.3]; p = 0.004). No statistically significant differences in the distribution of genotypes of the GHRL gene have been found between the group with carbohydrate overconsumption and the control group (p > 0.05). Likewise, no statistically significant differences were found in the evaluation of association of the rs5400 polymorphism in the SLC2A2 gene and the rs4684677 polymorphism in the GHRL gene with excess body weight in children (p > 0.05).Conclusion. There are genetic predictors of obesity in adult population. Thus, for example, the rs5400 polymorphism in the SLC2A2 gene and rs4684677 in the GHRL gene are the risk factors for excess body weight. Our study in a pediatric population did not reveal any association of the presence of polymorphic loci in the above-mentioned genes with obesity in children. The association of the G/A genotype of the SLC2A2 gene with excess carbohydrate consumption was revealed: the odds ratio for excess carbohydrate consumption was higher in the G/A carriers as compared to the G/G carriers: OR = 9.3; CI = [1.8–47.3]; p = 0.004. This finding is probably related to the fact that these genetic variants are not risk factors for obesity in childhood. These issues require further investigation within the framework of personalized medicine.
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