There are no reports in the literature of hemolytic disease of newborn monkeys in natural or experimental conditions.The experimental reproduction of hemolytic disease of the newborn in lower monkeys is difficult because of the scarcity and the contradictory nature of the information concerning differentiation of the blood groups in animals of this species.The object of the present investigation was to attempt to reproduce hemolytic disease in newborn monkeys. EXPERIMENTAL METHOD AND RESULTSIn recent years the authors have made a serological investigation of different species of monkeys (baboons, macaques, mandrills, green guenons, mangobeys, geladas, and hybrids: Papio hamadryas and gelada, P. hamadryas and P. anubis), kept in the Sukhumi nursery, and have established the presence of intra-and interspecies blood differences IX, 2]. On the basis of these results pairs of parent monkeys were chosen which were antigenically incompatible (the male's erythrocytes contained an antigen not present in the female; the female's blood serum agglutinated the male's erythrocytes) in order to obtain offspring with hemolytic disease.Experiments were conducted on baboons (P. hamadryas). The degree of immunological incompatibility between the embryo and mother was increased by immunizing the female with the erythrocytes of the male (before mating and during pregnancy).The outcome of pregnancy, and also the results of serological, hematological, and pathological investigations which were made, confirmed the development of hemolytic disease of the newborn in the young of these parents.The results of these observations are described below (taken from actual case notes).1. The female Taksa was immunized with the erythrocytes of the male Koldun, with whom she was subsequently mated.In the first cycle three intramuscular injections were.given, each of 2.5 ml of a 50% suspension of triplewashed (in physiological saline) erythrocytes at intervals of 2-3 days. On the 59th day of pregnancy (the mean length of pregnancy in _ P. hamadryas in 184 days) a further two injections of erythrocytes of the same mate were given in the same dose, at an interval of 2 days. Labor occurred at term, but the mother gave birth to a stillborn fetus with icterus of the skin and the visible mucous membranes. Hematological investigations revealed an extremely high bilirubinemia-409.6 mE% (nor-499
Background and Aim: Various means and methods, including probiotics and biologically active additives, have been developed and proposed for production to increase the immunobiological reactivity of the body, regardless of the etiology of its decrease. This study aimed to find out the immune status of calves during the preweaning period in association with Vetosporin Zh, Normosil, and Gumi-malysh. Materials and Methods: The research object was 30-day-old calves of black-and-white Holstein breed. The calves were divided into four groups of 20 heads each. The calves of the first, second, and third experimental groups were treated with Normosil probiotic, Vetosporin Zh probiotic, and Vetosporin Zh probiotic in combination with Gumi-malysh, respectively. The calves in the first, second, and third experimental groups were treated with Normosil probiotic, Vetosporin Zh probiotic, and Vetosporin Zh probiotic in combination with Gumi-malysh, respectively. Results: On days 10 and 21 of the experiment, animal blood was collected to determine the content of total protein, protein fractions, immunoglobulins, T and B lymphocytes, phagocytic activity and a phagocytic number of neutrophils, and circulating immune complexes (CIC). The combined use of Vetosporin Zh probiotic (dose, 20 mL) with Gumi-malysh (dose, 30 mL) per animal for 30 days in 1-month-old calves contributes to the increase in the number of T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels by 2.9%, 3.8%, and 0.96 and 2 g/L, respectively, while reducing the immunoglobulin M (IgM) level; an increase in the phagocytic activity of blood neutrophils and the phagocytic number by 7% and 1.8%, respectively, as well as a decrease in the CIC level with similar indicators in calves that were not treated with the agents. Conclusion: The method used in the current study helps increase the number of T and B lymphocytes, increase IgA and IgG levels while reducing IgM levels, and increase the phagocytic activity and a phagocytic number of blood neutrophils, as well as decrease the CIC level.
Twenty-three red foxes (Vulpes vulpes L.) were tested for the presence of mercury in their internal organs. These animals were captured in the Vologda region (Northwest Russia) within 2009 and 2018. The animal's liver, kidneys, muscles, brain, spleen, chyme and intestinal wall were tested. The concentrations level ranged between 0.001 mg/kg of wet mass in the chyme and the brain-up to 0.713 mg/kg of wet mass in kidneys. There is a strong correlation between the concentrations of mercury in separate pairs of tissues of a red fox. The ratio of concentrations of mercury between the tissues of the red fox was discovered: the concentration of mercury in the brain was 2 to 18 times lower than in other tissues.
В обзоре литературы обсуждается роль и клинико патологическая значимость антитиреоидных аутоантител (аутоАТ), различающихся по специфичности, а именно АТ к тиреоглобулину (АТ ТГ) и АТ к тиреоидной пероксидазе (АТ ТПО), анти TGPO, и функциональности, а именно АТ протеаз, в патогенезе аутоиммунных заболеваний щитовидной железы (ЩЖ) и возможности их использования в современной диагностике аутоиммунных заболеваний ЩЖ.
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