X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and elemental analysis were used to study the interaction of titanium powder with finely powdered boron of particle size 10-20 μm in Na 2 B 4 O 7 ionic melt, in the temperature range 973-1088 K, at the 5-10 h contact duration. The TiB 2 formation was shown to occur at the temperatures 1018 K or above, that is, at the borax melting temperature. According to the scanning electron microscopy, theTiB 2 powder consists of the 70-75 nm particles, and its coherent scattering region calculated from the XRD data amounts to 55 nm.
Reactions between hafnium powder and microcrystalline boron in a Na 2 B 4 O 7 ionic melt have been studied at temperatures from 600 to 850°C. The results demonstrate that nanoparticulate hafnium diboride forms starting at 750°C. According to electron microscopy data, the HfB 2 powder obtained at 850°C consists of nearly spherical particles 50-55 nm in diameter, which agrees with the equivalent particle diam eter ( 60 nm) evaluated from the specific surface area of the HfB 2 and with the crystallite size ( 55 nm) determined from X ray diffraction data.
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